Comparison of the clinical significance of single cuff-based arterial stiffness parameters with that of the commonly used parameters

Abstract

In patients with cardiovascular diseases or cardiovascular risk factors, the new simple markers and the commonly used markers are not interchangeable for assessing vascular damage and/or cardiovascular risk. Further study is proposed to examine whether AVI is higher in subjects with cardiovascular disease than in those without a history of cardiovascular disease. Similar to the case for the commonly used markers, age and the blood pressure significantly influenced both the new markers; therefore, age and the blood pressure need to be taken into account while interpreting the changes in these new simple markers.

Increase in the Arterial Velocity Pulse Index of Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease

“…Age and blood pressure affect the AVI [5]. While age and blood pressure were included as covariates in the analysis model used in this study for adjustments, the present findings need to be confirmed in the elderly, in subjects with hypertension, and also in the general population.…”

“…Recently, we reported that the AVI was higher in patients admitted for coronary angiography (i.e., subjects suspected to have advanced atherosclerosis, e.g., coronary artery disease) than in those admitted for other reasons than coronary angiography (i.e., subjects not suspected to have advanced atherosclerosis, e.g., arrhythmia) [5]. Hitsumoto [6] reported that the AVI was significantly higher in patients with detectable high-sensitivity troponin T than in those without detectable high-sensitivity troponin T. Sasaki-Nakashima et al [7] reported that the API was significantly and independently associated with both the Framingham Cardiovascular Risk Score and the Suita Score.…”

“…A plausible explanation for this finding is that in the arterial tree, pressure wave reflection occurs at the site of increased arterial resistance, and arterial narrowing/severe stenosis is associated with a steep increase in arterial resistance. The AI reflects the summation of the forward pressure wave and the reflected pressure wave [1, 2], and the AVI is thought to be a marker of the ratio of the amplitude of the forward pressure wave to that of the reflected pressure wave [4, 5]. Therefore, the AVI may also be affected by abnormalities of the reflected pressure wave associated with arterial narrowing/severe stenosis.…”

“…The subjects of this study were the participants of a previous study [5]. In brief, they consisted of 352 consecutive patients hospitalized at the Department of Cardiology of the Tokyo Medical University Hospital for the management of their cardiovascular disease/cardiovascular risk factors (e.g., coronary heart disease, arrhythmia, sleep apnea, etc.).…”

Successful prediction of clinical outcomes using arterial velocity pulse index, a new non-invasive vascular index, in Japan

“…The AVE-1500 (Shisei Datum, Tokyo, Japan) is a newly developed device that can non-invasively evaluate arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction of the central arteries (arterial velocity pulse index [AVI]) and peripheral arteries (arterial pressure volume index [API]) using a cuff-oscillometric technique in a single blood pressure measurement. We previously reported that the AVI and API are significantly correlated but showed different CV implications 6,7) ; conversely, other studies have reported various implications of these indexes for CV risks [8][9][10][11] . Additionally, both the severity of coronary heart disease and complexity of the coronary artery in affected patients are significantly correlated with API 7) .…”