Comparison of the Effect of Gabapentin and Evening Primrose Oil on Peripheral Neuropathy Pain in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Abstract

Background and Objective: Neuropathic pain is one of the common, important, and irritating complications in diabetes. Despite the importance of this pain, there is still no effective treatment for that. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of evening primrose oil and gabapentin on neuropathic pain in patients with type 2 diabetes. Materials and Methods: This triple-blind clinical trial was performed on 70 patients with diabetic neuropathy who obtained score 2 from the Michigan Questionnaire and referred to the Department of Endocrinology at Khayyam clinic affiliated to Hakim Hospital in Neyshabour from December 2017 to May 2018. The participants were divided into two groups of 35 people. The intervention group was treated with a capsule of evening primrose oil orally (1000 mg) twice daily for three months and gabapentin (300 mg) daily. On the other hand, the control group was treated with gabapentin (300 mg) and placebo. The neuropathy pain severity was measured before and after the end of three-month intervention using Michigan and McGill Pain Questionnaires. Data analysis was performed in SPSS software (version 21) through Fisher's exact test, ANCOVA, multilevel logistic regression, Mann Whitney U test, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, and the Chi-square tests. P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: According to the results obtained from the McGill questionnaire, the mean scores of neuropathy before the intervention were obtained at 10.12±0.57 and 9.85±0.65 in the intervention and control groups, respectively. However, the mean scores of neuropathy after the intervention were estimated at 6.18±0.48 and 8.31±0.60 in the intervention and control groups, respectively, which was statistically significant (P<0.02). Conclusion:Evening primrose oil is effective in reducing neuropathic pain in type 2 diabetic patients. Therefore, this can be a supplementary treatment for reducing pain associated with diabetic neuropathy.

Comparison of the effect of vaginal misoprostol and evening primrose oil capsule with misoprostol alone on the consequences of abortion in women with intrauterine fetal death: a randomized clinical trial

“…In a study to determine the effect of EPO on cervical dilatation and pain intensity before and during hysterosalpingography, the intervention group reported less pain intensity than the control group when using a cervical tenaculum and injecting contrast material [ 25 ]. Also, studies have indicated the effect of EPO on reducing post-appendectomy pain [ 26 ], neuropathic pain in type 2 diabetic patients [ 27 ], and mastalgia [ 28 , 29 ]. On the other hand, a study aimed at determining the effect of vaginal EPO administration on cervical ripening in primiparous women with post-term pregnancies showed that the average pain intensity in the control and intervention groups did not have a statistically significant difference [ 12 ], which was not consistent with the results of our study.…”

Effectiveness of oral clonidine and gabapentin on peripheral neuropathy in diabetic patients in southwestern Iran: a randomized clinical trial

“…On the other hand, in addition to their side effects, the effectiveness of pain relievers (oral solution) like pregabalin and duloxetine is varied [ 31 ]. Therefore, considering the high degree of DPN and the limited known treatments for managing this illness, it is essential to use medications with acceptable efficiency and effectiveness [ 32 ]. According to the results of previous studies, clonidine is likely to alleviate neuropathic pain when used topically on the painful area [ 33 , 34 ].…”