Comparison of the Effect of Two Kinds of Iranian Honey and Diphenhydramine on Nocturnal Cough and the Sleep Quality in Coughing Children and Their Parents

Ayazi, Parviz; Mahyar, Abolfazl; Yousef-Zanjani, Mahdieh; Allami, Abbas; Esmailzadehha, Neda; Beyhaghi, Taraneh

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0170277

Cited by 25 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…For millennia, the medicinal properties of honey have been used by mankind. This popular bee product is versatile and is effective against microbes [1][2][3][4], reducing inflammation [5], combating cancer [6], hypertension [7], and liver disease [8], aids in wound healing [3,9] and provides cough relief [10]. An important therapeutic quality of honey is its antimicrobial activity [11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical characteristics and antimicrobial properties of Apis mellifera, Frieseomelitta nigra and Melipona favosa bee honeys from apiaries in Trinidad and Tobago

Brown

O’Brien

Georges

et al. 2020

BMC Complement Med Ther

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Background: Honey is a versatile and complex substance consisting of bioactive chemicals which vary according to many bee and environmental factors. The aim of this study was to assess the physical and antimicrobial properties of five honey samples obtained from three species of bees; two stingless bees, Frieseomelitta nigra and Melipona favosa and one stinging bee, Apis mellifera (fresh and aged honey). Samples were acquired from apiaries across Trinidad and Tobago. An artificial honey, made from sugar, was also used for comparison. Methods: Physical properties such as appearance, pH, moisture content, sugar content and specific gravity were determined. Antimicrobial activity was assessed utilizing the agar diffusion assay and comparison to a phenol equivalence. The broth microdilution test was performed to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and the minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of the five honey samples against four common pathogens, including Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus pyogenes and Haemophilus influenzae. Results: All honey samples were acidic, with pH values ranging from 2.88 (M. favosa of Tobago) to 3.91 (fresh A. mellifera). Sugar content ranged from 66.0 to 81.6% with the highest values detected in stinging bee honeys of the A. mellifera (81.6 and 80.5°Bx). Moisture content ranged from 16.9% for aged A. mellifera honey (from Trinidad) to 32.4% for F. nigra honey (from Tobago). The MICs (2 to 16%) and MBCs (2 to 32%) of stingless bee honeys were lower than that of stinging bee and artificial honeys (16 to > 32%). Stingless bee honeys also exhibited a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms with higher phenol equivalence values (4.5 to 28.6%) than the A. mellifera honeys (0 to 3.4%) against the isolates tested. M. favosa honey of Tobago displayed the greatest antimicrobial activity as indicated by the high phenol equivalence and low MIC and MBC values. Conclusions: Stingless bee honeys from Tobago showed the greatest antimicrobial activity when compared to the other honeys used in this study. M. favosa honey of Tobago showed the most potential for use as medicinal honey.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical characteristics and antimicrobial properties of Apis mellifera, Frieseomelitta nigra and Melipona favosa bee honeys from apiaries in Trinidad and Tobago

Brown

O’Brien

Georges

et al. 2020

BMC Complement Med Ther

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“…Nighttime sleep aids containing only antihistamines may also help the body combat the symptoms of the common cold by facilitating sleep, although studies have shown mixed results. A study in which children with infection-induced cough received diphenhydramine at bedtime showed that the extent to which cough had affected children's ability to sleep was significantly decreased compared with baseline [15]. However, another study suggested that diphenhydramine and dextromethorphan were not superior to placebo in terms of improving cough relief in children [16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceptions of the Importance of Sleep in Common Cold—Two Online Questionnaire-Based Surveys

Phillipson

Aspley

Fietze

2020

SN Compr. Clin. Med.

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Sleep deprivation affects the immune system and can render subjects more susceptible to symptoms associated with the common cold. The aim of this research was to investigate cold sufferers' and doctors' perceptions of the role of sleep in recovery from cold/flu. An online survey of 4000 adults who had suffered from cold/flu in the previous 12 months was conducted in eight countries and an online survey of 150 doctors was conducted in Germany. Responses were collected to questions regarding aspects of life affected by, and concerns while suffering from, cold/flu symptoms including nighttime awakening and actions taken to aid recovery. Responses were also collected to questions regarding advice given to cold/flu patients and the importance of sleep. Ability to sleep well was widely reported as negatively impacted by cold/flu (mean 46.1% of respondents across eight countries), especially in Western Europe, and inability to sleep well was a frequently reported concern associated with suffering from cold/flu (21.8%). To sleep more than usual was a frequently reported action taken to feel better (40.5%). Ninety-four percent of respondents reported waking up at night because of symptoms, cough being the most frequently reported symptom to awaken respondents. There was evidence of a possible relationship between sleep quality and medication taken at night for symptom relief. Countries with the highest proportions of respondents who reported sleep to be the aspect of life most negatively affected by a cold (France, Germany and Italy) were also those with the lowest proportions of respondents who reported that taking medications at night was the most effective way of getting back to sleep after waking due to cold symptoms. The majority of doctors believed sleep helped cold/flu patients to recover faster and that a good night's sleep was important. Sleep is widely considered to be important in promoting recovery from cold/flu. Hence, the relief of symptoms that disrupt sleep is also likely to be important for a faster recovery.

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“…1 Other studies had also reported similar results. 11,12,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] In spite of the significant improvement in nocturnal cough severity and frequency among the studied sample, parents and caregivers reported less satisfaction rates (p=0.025), and fewer intentions to re-use it in future attacks (p=0.025). This may be attributed to the fact that using honey, in spite of improving the nocturnal cough frequency and severity scores, did not have a significant impact on the quality of sleep either of children or their parents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of honey on nocturnal cough among children in Taif city

Al-Juaid¹,

AlJuaid²,

Abuharba³

et al. 2018

Int J Community Med Public Health

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Background: Nocturnal cough is a common disturbing symptom that affects children during upper respiratory tract infections and can have a major negative impact on child and parents’ sleep quality. Many pharmaceutical medications, herbal regimens, and non-pharmaceutical advice are prescribed to reduce nocturnal cough. The aim of this research was to study the impact of honey on nocturnal cough in children.Methods: A descriptive study was conducted on 226 children in Taif city, KSA using a pre-prepared questionnaire to assess the cough severity and response to honey in comparison to other treatment modalities. Data collected were then analyzed using SPSS software.Results: The study was conducted on 226 children (51.77% were females). Children who used honey were significantly older (mean age 7.64±3.8 years) than those who used medications (mean age 6.98±60) (p=0.025). Children who used honey had a higher prevalence of headache (p=0.001) and malaise (p<0.001) than children who did not receive honey. The use of honey was also significantly associated with high cough severity scores. The use of honey seemed to significantly reduce both the cough severity score and combined severity scores, with odd’s ratios of 0.46 and 0.19, respectively (p=0.020 and <0.001). However, it was associated with fewer satisfaction rates and fewer intentions to re-use in next attacks (p=0.025).Conclusions: Honey has a beneficial effect on treating nocturnal cough in children. It decreases the severity of cough as well as the frequency of cough. It is commonly used among older Saudi children who have cough associated with malaise and fever. However, it is not satisfactory for patient and parental relief in Taif city because it doesn’t improve the sleep quality of patients or parents.

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Comparison of the Effect of Two Kinds of Iranian Honey and Diphenhydramine on Nocturnal Cough and the Sleep Quality in Coughing Children and Their Parents

Cited by 25 publications

References 29 publications

Physical characteristics and antimicrobial properties of Apis mellifera, Frieseomelitta nigra and Melipona favosa bee honeys from apiaries in Trinidad and Tobago

Physical characteristics and antimicrobial properties of Apis mellifera, Frieseomelitta nigra and Melipona favosa bee honeys from apiaries in Trinidad and Tobago

Perceptions of the Importance of Sleep in Common Cold—Two Online Questionnaire-Based Surveys

Effect of honey on nocturnal cough among children in Taif city

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