Comparison of the Effectiveness of Music Therapy and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Quality of Life, Craving and Emotion Regulation in Patients Under Methadone Maintenance Therapy

Farahmand, Seyed Reza Eshaghi; Ahadi, Hassan; Golkar, Maryam Kalhornia; Sedaghat, Mastooreh

doi:10.32598/ijpcp.26.2.3212.1

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Whilst depressive [ 26 , 27 ], anxiety [ 26 , 28 , 29 ] and craving [ 30 – 32 ] symptoms have been shown to improve after MT in individuals with SUD, this will be a first attempt to study these dimensions in a community setting by measuring their neural correlates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, to monitor for instances of addiction memories that can possibly induce craving [ 15 ], an instantaneous single-item measure of craving will be collected before and after group and individual music therapy sessions. While MT has been suggested to reduce craving [ 30 – 32 ], the element of music itself, in some circumstances, can determine the induction of a craving state [ 68 , 69 ] and there is no systematic empirical evidence about the mechanisms underlying the rising of moments of craving in MT sessions [ 4 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, anxiety and depression are two common conditions in individuals using substances [ 12 ] and MT has shown efficacy in reducing depressive [ 16 , 17 ] and anxiety symptoms [ 16 , 18 ] in individuals not suffering from SUD. Studies including SUD populations suggested that mental health clinical endpoints improved in those participants after receiving MT: beneficial effects have been pointed out for depressive symptoms [ 26 , 27 ], anxiety symptoms [ 26 , 28 , 29 ], negative emotions (i.e., anger) [ 26 ] and craving [ 30 – 32 ]. The importance of measuring mental health indexes in MT settings for SUD and assessing brain data to explore the underlying mechanisms of a potential music-therapeutic success have been recently emphasized [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Music therapy, neural processing, and craving reduction: an RCT protocol for a mixed methods feasibility study in a Community Substance Misuse Treatment Service

Fachner,

Maidhof,

Murtagh

et al. 2023

Addict Sci Clin Pract

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Background Music therapy has been shown to be effective for multiple clinical endpoints associated with substance use disorder such as craving reduction, emotion regulation, depression, and anxiety, but there are a lack of studies investigating those effects in UK Community Substance Misuse Treatment Services (CSMTSs). Furthermore, there is a demand for identifying music therapy mechanisms of change and related brain processes for substance use disorder treatment. The present study aims to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of music therapy and a pre-test, post-test, and in-session measurement battery in a CSMTS. Methods Fifteen participants, from a community service based in London, will take part in a mixed-methods non-blind randomized-controlled trial. Ten participants will receive six-weekly sessions of music therapy in addition to the standard treatment offered by the CSMTS—five of them will receive individual music therapy and five of them will receive group music therapy—while a further five participants will act as a control group receiving standard treatment only. Satisfaction and acceptability will be evaluated in focus groups with service users and staff members following the final treatment session. Moreover, attendance and completion rates will be monitored throughout the intervention. Subjective and behavioral indexes will be assessed before and after the interventions to explore the effects of music therapy on craving, substance use, symptoms of depression and anxiety, inhibitory control, and will be correlated with associated neurophysiological signatures. In-session analysis of two individual music therapy sessions will serve to explore how music and emotion are processed in the brain within the therapy. The data collected at each step will be included in an intention-to-treat analysis basis. Discussion This study will provide a first report on the feasibility of music therapy as an intervention for participants with substance use disorder engaged within a community service. It will also provide valuable information regarding the implementation of a multifaceted methodology that includes neurophysiological, questionnaire-based, and behavioral assessments in this cohort. Notwithstanding the limitation of a small sample size, the present study will provide novel preliminary data regarding neurophysiological outcomes in participants with substance use disorder that received music therapy. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrails.gov, NCT0518061, Registered 6 January 2022, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05180617

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Music therapy, neural processing, and craving reduction: an RCT protocol for a mixed methods feasibility study in a Community Substance Misuse Treatment Service

Fachner,

Maidhof,

Murtagh

et al. 2023

Addict Sci Clin Pract

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Music therapy for people with substance use disorders

Ghetti

Chen

Brenner

et al. 2022

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

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BackgroundSubstance use disorder (SUD) is the continued use of one or more psychoactive substances, including alcohol, despite negative e ects on health, functioning, and social relations. Problematic drug use has increased by 10% globally since 2013, and harmful use of alcohol is associated with 5.3% of all deaths. Direct e ects of music therapy (MT) on problematic substance use are not known, but it may be helpful in alleviating associated psychological symptoms and decreasing substance craving. ObjectivesTo compare the e ect of music therapy (MT) in addition to standard care versus standard care alone, or to standard care plus an active control intervention, on psychological symptoms, substance craving, motivation for treatment, and motivation to stay clean/sober. Search methodsWe searched the following databases (from inception to 1 February 2021): the Cochrane Drugs and Alcohol Specialised Register; CENTRAL; MEDLINE (PubMed); eight other databases, and two trials registries. We handsearched reference lists of all retrieved studies and relevant systematic reviews. Selection criteriaWe included randomised controlled trials comparing MT plus standard care to standard care alone, or MT plus standard care to active intervention plus standard care for people with SUD. Data collection and analysisWe used standard Cochrane methodology. Main resultsWe included 21 trials involving 1984 people. We found moderate-certainty evidence of a medium e ect favouring MT plus standard care over standard care alone for substance craving (standardised mean di erence (SMD) -0.66, 95% confidence interval (CI) -1.23 to -0.10; 3 studies, 254 participants), with significant subgroup di erences indicating greater reduction in craving for MT intervention lasting one to three months; and small-to-medium e ect favouring MT for motivation for treatment/change (SMD 0.41, 95% CI 0.21 to 0.61; 5 studies, 408 participants). We found no clear evidence of a beneficial e ect on depression (SMD -0.33, 95% CI -0.72 to 0.07; 3 studies, 100 participants), or motivation to stay sober/clean (SMD 0.22, 95% CI -0.02 to 0.47; 3 studies, 269 participants), though e ect sizes ranged from large Music therapy for people with substance use disorders (Review)

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Neuroplastic Changes in Addiction Memory—How Music Therapy and Music-Based Intervention May Reduce Craving: A Narrative Review

et al. 2023

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Recent findings indicate that Music Therapy (MT) and Music-Based Interventions (MBIs) may reduce craving symptoms in people with Substance Use Disorders (SUD). However, MT/MBIs can lead SUD clients to recall memories associated with their drug history and the corresponding strong emotions (addiction memories). Craving is a central component of SUD, possibly linked to relapse and triggered by several factors such as the recall of memories associated with the drug experience. Therefore, to address the topic of what elements can account for an improvement in craving symptoms after MT/MBIs, we conducted a narrative review that (1) describes the brain correlates of emotionally salient autobiographical memories evoked by music, (2) outlines neuroimaging and neurophysiological studies suggesting how the experience of craving may encompass the recall of emotionally filled moments, and (3) points out the role of perineuronal nets (PNNs) in addiction memory neuroplasticity. We highlight how autobiographical memory retrieval, music-evoked autobiographical memories, and craving share similar neural activations with PNNs which represent a causal element in the processing of addiction memory. We finally conclude by considering how the neuroplastic characteristics of addiction memory might represent the ground to update and/or recalibrate, within the therapy, the emotional content related to the recall.

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Comparison of the Effectiveness of Music Therapy and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Quality of Life, Craving and Emotion Regulation in Patients Under Methadone Maintenance Therapy

Cited by 4 publications

References 32 publications

Music therapy, neural processing, and craving reduction: an RCT protocol for a mixed methods feasibility study in a Community Substance Misuse Treatment Service

Music therapy, neural processing, and craving reduction: an RCT protocol for a mixed methods feasibility study in a Community Substance Misuse Treatment Service

Music therapy for people with substance use disorders

Neuroplastic Changes in Addiction Memory—How Music Therapy and Music-Based Intervention May Reduce Craving: A Narrative Review

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