Comparison of the Effects of Isotonic and Hypertonic Sodium Bicarbonate Solutions on Acidemic Calves Experimentally Induced by Ammonium Chloride Administration

Abstract

ABSTRACT. The objectives of this study were to evaluate and compare the effects of intravenously (IV) administered infusion of isotonic solution (ISB) or hypertonic sodium bicarbonate solution (HSB) on acid-base equilibrium and the plasma osmolarity in acidemic calves experimentally induced by 5 M-NH 4 Cl, IV infusion (1.0 ml/kg, over 1 hr). The ISB and HSB infusion induced progressive and significant increases in their HCO 3 -and BE levels that persisted throughout the period of fluid administration. The plasma osmolarity in the ISB groups was significantly decreased. The plasma osmolarity in the HSB group was significantly higher than in the calves in the other groups (p<0.05). ISB solution might be safe and effective for treating and reviving conscious calves from experimentally induced metabolic acidosis. KEY WORDS: calf, metabolic acidosis, sodium bicarbonate solution.

Pharmacological study of BRS, a new bicarbonated Ringer's solution, in haemorrhagic shock dogs

“…NaHCO 3 contained in BRS is the most biologically suitable alkalinizing reagent for its prompt alkalization effect [14], because HCO 3 Ϫ can be directly produced from NaHCO 3 without a metabolic process. Several investigators reported concerning the efficacy of NaHCO 3 on acidosis [15][16][17][18]. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of several RS, BRS, ARS, LRS, and RS, on metabolic acidosis, serum electrolyte abnormality and circulatory failure in haemorrhagic shock model with dogs, an experimental animal model mimicking massive bleeding.…”

Acid–base and hemodynamic status of patients with intraoperative hemorrhage using two solution types: Crystalloid Ringer lactate and 1.3% sodium bicarbonate in half-normal saline solution

“…1.3% isotonic sodium bicarbonate solution is used to treat metabolic acidosis and prevent contrast-induced nephropathy. [151617] The solution is suitable for tackling the metabolic acidosis due to lack of chloride ion. The existence of chloride ion in crystalloid solutions leads to worsening acidosis caused by hemorrhages.…”

Relationship between Depression Score and Acid-Base Status in Japanese Black Calves with Diarrhea

“…Oral rehydration fluids are administered on a daily basis to dehydrated calves in veterinary practice. If treatment with oral fluids is unsuccessful, intravenous restoration for the acid-base disorder is performed [6][7][8]. Although lactated Ringer's solution is used to replace the volume of total body water and to correct to electrolyte status in small animals and horses, it dose not usually correct the metabolic acidosis in calves with severe diarrhea [6,11,12,15,16].…”

“…Although lactated Ringer's solution is used to replace the volume of total body water and to correct to electrolyte status in small animals and horses, it dose not usually correct the metabolic acidosis in calves with severe diarrhea [6,11,12,15,16]. Sodium bicarbonate is specifically effective for acute and severe metabolic acidosis because it has rapid effect when given intravenously [7,9,15,16]. Nevertheless, rapid administration or an overdose of sodium bicarbonate solution has been associated with paradoxical cerebrospinal fulid acidosis, leftward shift of the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve leading to decreased downloading of oxygen, intracellular shift of potassium in exchange for hydrogen ions causing hypokalemia, tetany due to decreased ionized calcium, and overshot alkalosis [2,5].…”