Comparison of the Effects of 8-Methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) plus UVA (PUVA) on Human Melanocytes in Vitiligo Vulgaris and In Vitro

Kao, Chien-Han; Yu, Hsin‐Su

doi:10.1111/1523-1747.ep12499936

Cited by 70 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…9 to 229 ? 17 cells/mm' of depigmented epidermis were found in all six patients studied (Kao et al, 1992). An antimelanosomeassociated monoclonal antibody has been found to selectively reveal antimelanosome antibody-positive dendritic cells in melanocyte-absent complete vitiligo (Hori et al, 1986; Mishima et al, 1988).…”

Section: What Is the Behavior Of Melanocytes In Vitiligo Macules?mentioning

confidence: 76%

“…It is impossible to explain the PUVA-induced repigmentation of vitiligo on the basis of these different mechanisms. The possibility that PUVA may stimulate the production of a melanocyte growth factor or may deplete antigens on vitiligo melanocytes, thus blocking the binding of specific autoantibodies, has been proposed, but remains to be demonstrated (Kao and Yu, 1992). Furthermore, it has been shown that PUVA treatment in vivo depletes epidermal Langerhans cells.…”

Section: What's New In the Treatment Of Vitiligo?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, in repigmented vitiligo after PUVA treatment, the density of ATPase-positive cells in epidermal sheet is much lower than in an untreated involved epidermis. This may also result in blocking the progression of antibody-dependent-mediated cytotoxicity to melanocytes in vitiligo (Kao and Yu, 1992).…”

Section: What's New In the Treatment Of Vitiligo?mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vitiligo: Where Do We Stand?

Ortonne

Bose

1993

Pigment Cell Research

140

107

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Vitiligo is a puzzling disorder characterized by a disappearance of epidermal and/or follicular melanocytes by unknown mechanisms. This very common disorder involving 1-4% of the world population is thus of great importance for the practicing dermatologist. The cellular and molecular mechanisms leading to the destruction of melanocytes in this disorder have not yet been elucidated, making it of major interest for the cell biologist involved in melanocyte research.Recent advances in this field, due largely to the availability of techniques for culturing normal human melanocytes, opened new perspectives in the underitanding of vitiligo. Although vitiligo has long been considered a disorder confined to the skin, there is now good evidence that it also inwlves the extracutaneous compartment of the "melanocyte organ." It is also clear that vitiligo is not only a melanocyte disorder, but that it also involves cells, such as keratinocytes and Langerhans cells, found in the epidermis and follicular epithelium.The three prevailing theories of the pathogenesis of vitiligo are the immune hypothesis, the neural hypothesis, and the self-destruct hypothesis. New hypotheses suggest that vitiligo may be due to (1) a deficiency in an unidentified melanocyte growth factor, (2) an intrinsic defect of the structure and function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum in vitiligo melanocytes, (3) abnormalities in a putative melatonin receptor on melanocytes and (4) a breakdown in free radical defense in the epidermis. None of these hypotheses has been demonstrated, and according to the available data, it is likely that the loss of epidermal and follicular melanocytes in vitiligo may be the result of several different pathogenetic mechanisms.

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Section: What Is the Behavior Of Melanocytes In Vitiligo Macules?mentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: What's New In the Treatment Of Vitiligo?mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vitiligo: Where Do We Stand?

Ortonne

Bose

1993

Pigment Cell Research

140

107

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“…However, the mechanisms for activation of MBs in repigmentating vitiligo are not known. We demonstrated that PUVA depletes vitiligo-associated MC antigens and stimulates tyrosinase activity in vitro [56]. Furthermore, PUVA treatment in vivo depletes epidermal Langerhans cells [55].…”

Section: Effects Of Medical Therapies On Repigmentation In Vitiligomentioning

confidence: 74%

Melanocyte Destruction and Repigmentation in Vitiligo: A Model for Nerve Cell Damage and Regrowth

2002

J Biomed Sci

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Melanocytes (MCs) are melanin-producing cells of the skin that are derived from neural crest cells. Vitiligo vulgaris is a common depigmentation disorder resulting from the destruction of functional MCs in the affected skin. The three prevailing pathomechanisms of vitiligo are the immune hypothesis, the neural hypothesis and the autocytotoxic hypothesis. None of these mechanisms has been conclusively proven. Melanoblasts (MBs) in the outer root sheath of the hair follicles are the reservoir cells for repigmentation. Recovery from vitiligo is initiated by activation and proliferation of these MBs, followed by upward migration to the nearby epidermis that forms perifollicular pigmentation islands. Migration, proliferation and differentiation of MCs and MBs are regulated by keratinocyte-derived factors and some coat color genes. Any therapy for vitiligo must explain not only the repopulation of MCs but also their functional development. In patients with vitiligo, MCs are destroyed in the skin, the eyes, and possibly the ears. However, the concept of vitiligo as a systemic disease will be clearly established only when the mechanisms involved in vitiligo are identified. Recent advances in the fields of neural crest cell culture and molecular genetics have opened new perspectives in the understanding of vitiligo. Not only will this result in better treatments for vitiligo patients, but possibly will also provide a key to triggering nerve cell regrowth in other nervous diseases.

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“…However, postinflammatory pigmentation may also occur following dermabrasion especially in darker skin types or when UV therapy is associated. Inflammatory mediators are thought to act as melanocyte growth factors in PUVA-induced repigmentation of vitiligo and in postinflammatory hyperpigmentation following epidermal injury [42, 43]. In contrast, successfully transplanted patients where no UV therapy was associated are also reported [6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 16, 44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autologous Cellular Suspensions and Sheets in the Treatment of Achromic Disorders: The Need for Future Controlled Studies

Ongenae

Geel²,

Naeyaert³

2001

Dermatology

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Transplantation techniques using cultured and noncultured keratinocyte and/or melanocyte suspensions or sheets have been reported as successful in inducing repigmentation in achromic epidermal diseases such as vitiligo and piebaldism. However, the role of a lot of variable factors in the transplantation procedure remains unclear. Occasionally control sites are included in the reported patient series. We point out the need for future controlled studies when performing transplantations of cellular suspensions and sheets. This approach will help to understand how these techniques induce repigmentation and may eventually indicate the essential requirements for successful results.

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Comparison of the Effects of 8-Methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) plus UVA (PUVA) on Human Melanocytes in Vitiligo Vulgaris and In Vitro

Cited by 70 publications

References 31 publications

Vitiligo: Where Do We Stand?

Vitiligo: Where Do We Stand?

Melanocyte Destruction and Repigmentation in Vitiligo: A Model for Nerve Cell Damage and Regrowth

Autologous Cellular Suspensions and Sheets in the Treatment of Achromic Disorders: The Need for Future Controlled Studies

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