Comparison of the effects of dietary fish oils with different n−3 polyunsaturated fatty acid compositions on plasma and liver lipids in rats

Abstract

The effects of dietary fish oils with different n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid compositions on plasma lipid profiles in rats have been studied. Forty-eight male rats, previously maintained on a cholesterol-free diet for 15 days, were fed for 60 days with diets supplemented with 10% fat of either marine hilsa fish (Hilsa ilisa, family clupeidae) or fresh-water chital fish (Notopterus chitala, family notopteridae). The diets had similar levels of total saturated (35-41%), monounsaturated (43-47%) and n-3 polyunsaturated (9-10%) fatty acids. Cholesterol contents of the diets were adjusted to 0.85%; gamma-linolenic acid (3.3%) in chital oil and eicosapentaenoic acid (4.9%) in hilsa oil diets were the major n-3 contributors. The percentage of eicosapentaenoic acid in the chital oil diet was 0.57 times that of the hilsa oil diet, but the eicosapentaenoic (EPA) to arachidonic acid (AA) ratio in the latter (4.08) was 3.2 times that of the former (1.27). Sixty days of hilsa oil diet feeding decreased the levels of cholesterol (53.3 +/- 2.9 to 50.0 +/- 1.1 mg/dL), triacylglycerol (75.7 +/- 3.8 to 64.3 +/- 2.6 mg/dL) and phospholipid (55.8 +/- 1.5 to 51.7 +/- 3.1 mg/dL) in rat plasma. Similar treatment with chital oil diet elevated the plasma cholesterol level (53.3 +/- 2.9 to 62.3 +/- 7.6 mg/dL) while triacylglycerol and phospholipid contents remained unaltered. Both the dietary treatments decreased the levels of linoleic and arachidonic acids in liver but only under the hilsa oil diet did the eicosapentaenoic acid percentage increase markedly (0.8 +/- 0.06% to 5.5 +/- 0.06%) at the expense of arachidonic acid.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

The effect of a moderately oxidized soybean oil on lipid peroxidation in rat low‐density lipoproteins at low and high dietary vitamin E levels

“…It was not surprising that the type of fatty acids influenced the concentrations of all the lipids in plasma and lipoproteins, particularly VLDL. The lipid‐lowering effect of PUFA compared to saturated fatty acids has been reported by several other studies (B anerjee et al 1992; S tangl et al 1994).…”

Correlations between blood and tissue omega-3 LCPUFA status following dietary ALA intervention in rats

“…The strong (r=~0.8-1.0) and significant (all P<0.0001) correlations observed between n-3 PUFA and LCPUFA and erythrocyte and plasma phospholipids and those in liver, kidney, heart and quadriceps muscle phospholipid across a wide range of fatty acid values is striking. This validates the use of blood as a surrogate for the changes in fatty acids in organs of animals as a result of changes in dietary fatty acids [6,[26][27][28][29][30].…”

Optimization of hydrolysis of sardine (Sardina pilchardus) heads with Protamex: enhancement of lipid and phospholipid extraction

“…Fatty acids also offer potential values. A large number of articles have described benefits of ω3 fatty acids: on blood circulation, thrombosis, hypertriglycaemia,9 on blood pressure regulation,10 against schizophrenia,11 stress and depression12 and on fetal development;13 the most widely discussed is the benefit against cardiovascular disease 14–17. Marine organisms seem to be a wide source of such fatty acids18 and marine by‐products as well 19–21.…”