Comparison of the effects of preemptive epidural tramadol and neostigmine on peroperative stress response and postoperative analgesia

Multimodal Analgesia for Postoperative Pain Management

“…Thoracic epidural analgesia with local anesthetics and opioids for abdominal, thoracic and vascular surgery improves bowel recovery times while decreasing the risks of cardiovascular adverse events and of developing persistent pain (Liu, 2004;Nishimori et al, 2006;). In an unpublished study of ours (Sivrikaya et al, 2000), preemptive analgesia with epidural tramadol has supressed the peroperative stress response and also reduced the pain intensity in the early postoperative period in patients had abdominal hysterectomy under general anesthesia. Maintenance techniques in epidural analgesia include: Continuous Infusion: An easy technique that requires little intervention.…”