Comparison of the Effects of Glycerol, Mannitol, and Urea on Ischemic Hippocampal Damage in Gerbils

Otsubo, Kazumasa; Katayama, Yasuo; Kashiwagi, Fumihiko; Muramatsu, Hiromi; Terashi, Akiro

doi:10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_86

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“… 7,22–24 The rheologic properties, reducing blood viscosity, and vasodilatory activity of mannitol combined to reduce cerebral edema and protect neural tissues. 22,35 When administered systemically in animals by way of intravenous and intraperitoneal routes, mannitol has been reported to alter CBF by changing microvascular resistance as well as to enhance the level of oxygen pressure in the cochlear perilymph. 19–21 Mannitol has also been shown to protect against functional and morphologic injuries caused by damaging levels of noise, anoxia, and ototoxic agents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Mannitol in Reducing Postischemic Changes in Distortion‐Product Otoacoustic Emissions (DPOAEs): A Rabbit Model

Morawski¹,

Telischi²,

Merchant³

et al. 2003

The Laryngoscope

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Objectives-The aim of this study was to observe the effects of mannitol, administered topically at the round window (RW), on cochlear blood flow (CBF) and distortion-product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) after repeated episodes of cochlear ischemia.Methods-Ten young rabbits were used for this study. Reversible ischemic episodes within the cochlea were induced by directly compressing the internal auditory artery (IAA). CBF was measured using a laser-Doppler (LD) probe positioned at the RW niche. DPOAEs were measured at 4, 8, and 12 kHz geometric mean frequency (GMF) using 60 dB sound pressure level (SPL) primary tone stimuli. In five test ears, mannitol was administered topically at the RW for 30 minutes before the IAA compressions. In five control ears, the IAA compressions were undertaken without application of RW medication. Each ear underwent three 5 minute IAA compressions with a 60 minute rest period between compressions.Results-In the control animals, it was observed that a progressive reduction in DPOAE level followed each successive IAA compression at all three test frequencies. The reduction in DPOAE amplitudes was consistently greater at the higher test frequencies. In the test rabbits, the RW administration of mannitol resulted in significantly less reduction in DPOAE level measures after repeated IAA compressions. For example, 30 minutes after reperfusion at 12 kHz GMF, DPOAE levels in the control ears were reduced by 1.5, 6.0, and 16 dB, compared with 1.5, 4.0, and 6.0 dB in the mannitol test ears.Conclusions-Mannitol appears to exert a protective effect on cochlear function after periods of ischemia. The RW appears to be an efficacious route for topical administration of mannitol into the inner ear.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%