Comparison of the Efficacy of Intralesional Tranexamic Acid Versus Topical 4% Hydroquinone in Treating Melasma

Mushtaq, Shigref; Naz, Syeda Sibgha; Rizwan, Muhammad; Khan, Nudrat Jehangir; Ullah, Obed; Muhammad, Anjum

doi:10.7759/cureus.28547

Cited by 2 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Similar hepatoprotective effect against AFs-induced liver damages in poults is also found in another study (101). In the same studies a better gain in body weight was found in poults fed on diet supplemented with S. marianum or Silymarin and additionally treated with AFs (101,102). In the same experiments, it was found that the feed conversion ratio and the gain in body weight were increased when such chicks were supplemented by S. marianum and the measured indices were not different when compared to poults supplemented only by AFs-binder (102).…”

Section: Plant/herbal or Vitamin Additivesupporting

confidence: 74%

“…In the same studies a better gain in body weight was found in poults fed on diet supplemented with S. marianum or Silymarin and additionally treated with AFs (101,102). In the same experiments, it was found that the feed conversion ratio and the gain in body weight were increased when such chicks were supplemented by S. marianum and the measured indices were not different when compared to poults supplemented only by AFs-binder (102). Such an increase in the gain of body weight was also seen in rats supplemented with W. somnifera (118).…”

Section: Plant/herbal or Vitamin Additivementioning

confidence: 61%

“…In another experiment, a strong hepatoprotective effect of S. marianum was also found against AFs-provoked liver damages as measured by the decrease of serum enzyme activities of alanineaminotransferase (ALT), aspartate-aminotransferase (AST) or alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in AFs-intoxicated chicks (102). These enzymes are known as sensitive biomarkers for liver damages.…”

Section: Plant/herbal or Vitamin Additivementioning

confidence: 95%

“…The S. marianum or Silymarin used in the above mentioned experimental studies were also reported to have pronounced antioxidative properties and a significant protection on internal organs, e.g., immunostimulatory, membrane-stabilizing, nephro-or hepatoprotective and liver repairing effects (92,94,101,102,106,107,112,(161)(162)(163)(164)(165)(166).…”

Section: Plant/herbal or Vitamin Additivementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Obviously, the same herbal additive Silymarin or S. marianum and W. somnifera could be used as feed supplements, "in addition to" or "instead of " mycotoxin binders, for decreasing the harmful effects of mycotoxin contamination of the feed in the commercial poultry farms (101,102,169). Such herbs could ensure a safe and practical approach for protection of pouls against the toxic properties of mycotoxins such as AFs, FUMs or OTA, and simultaneously can ensure of safe utilization of mycotoxin contaminated feedsuffs while avoiding the respective loss of body weight or condemnation of such mycotoxin contaminated feedstuffs (1).…”

Section: Plant/herbal or Vitamin Additivementioning

confidence: 99%

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Natural feed additives and bioactive supplements versus chemical additives as a safe and practical approach to combat foodborne mycotoxicoses

Stoev

2024

Front. Nutr.

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This review highlights the possible hazard of mycotoxins occurrence in foods and feeds in regards to foodborne diseases. The possible management of the risk of contamination of foods and feeds with mycotoxins by using natural feed additives, protecting against deleterious effects of mycotoxins or inhibiting the growth of fungi and mycotoxin production, is deeply investigated in the available literature and some effective measures for safe utilization of mycotoxin contaminated feed/food are proposed. The biological methods of decontamination, degradation or biotransformation of mycotoxins are deeply analyzed and discussed. Some natural antagonists against target fungi are also reviewed and a comparison is made with conventional fungicides for ensuring a safe prevention of mycotoxin contamination. The most common and useful chemical methods of mycotoxins decontamination of agricultural commodities or raw materials are also investigated, e.g., chemical additives inactivating or destroying and/or adsorbing mycotoxins as well as chemical additives inhibiting the growth of fungi and mycotoxin production. The practical use and safety of various kind of feed/food additives or herbal/biological supplements as possible approach for ameliorating the adverse effects of some dangerous mycotoxins is deeply investigated and some suggestions are given. Various possibilities for decreasing mycotoxins toxicity, e.g., by clarifying the mechanisms of their toxicity and using some target antidotes and vitamins as supplements to the diet, are also studied in the literature and appropriate discussions or suggestions are made in this regard. Some studies on animal diets such as low carbohydrate intake, increased protein content, calorie restriction or the importance of dietary fats are also investigated in the available literature for possible amelioration of the ailments associated with mycotoxins exposure. It could be concluded that natural feed additives and bioactive supplements would be more safe and practical approach to combat foodborne mycotoxicoses as compared to chemical additives.

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