Comparison of the force-, velocity-, and power-time curves recorded with a force plate and a linear velocity transducer

García-Ramos, Amador; Štirn, Igor; Strojnik, Vojko; Padial, Paulino; Fuente, Blanca de la; Feriche, Belén

doi:10.1080/14763141.2016.1161821

Cited by 37 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…13 This requires the measurement of force and displacement of the barbell and/or ground-reaction force during jumping-type activities. Several methods have been suggested for this task, including video analysis, 14,15 inertial sensors and accelerometers, 16,17 force plates, 18 linear position transducers, 19 and V-scope. 20 While some have shown good validity and reliability, their implementation in the applied setting has been challenging due to the cost, as well as the time and manpower requirements for collecting, analyzing, and reporting data.…”

Section: Strength and Power Trainingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring Athlete Training Loads: Consensus Statement

Bourdon¹,

Cardinale²,

Murray³

et al. 2017

International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance

757

735

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Monitoring the load placed on athletes in both training and competition has become a very hot topic in sport science. Both scientists and coaches routinely monitor training loads using multidisciplinary approaches, and the pursuit of the best methodologies to capture and interpret data has produced an exponential increase in empirical and applied research. Indeed, the field has developed with such speed in recent years that it has given rise to industries aimed at developing new and novel paradigms to allow us to precisely quantify the internal and external loads placed on athletes and to help protect them from injury and ill health. In February 2016, a conference on "Monitoring Athlete Training Loads-The Hows and the Whys" was convened in Doha, Qatar, which brought together experts from around the world to share their applied research and contemporary practices in this rapidly growing field and also to investigate where it may branch to in the future. This consensus statement brings together the key findings and recommendations from this conference in a shared conceptual framework for use by coaches, sport-science and -medicine staff, and other related professionals who have an interest in monitoring athlete training loads and serves to provide an outline on what athlete-load monitoring is and how it is being applied in research and practice, why load monitoring is important and what the underlying rationale and prospective goals of monitoring are, and where athlete-load monitoring is heading in the future.

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Section: Strength and Power Trainingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring Athlete Training Loads: Consensus Statement

Bourdon¹,

Cardinale²,

Murray³

et al. 2017

International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance

757

735

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…athletes, coaches and sport scientists have taken great interest in using these devices as means of determining and monitoring athlete performance (Chiu et al 2003;García-Ramos et al 2016;Harris et al 2010). One such device/dynamometer is the MuscleLab linear encoder system, which measures average force (N), along with peak velocity (m.s -1 ) and time to peak velocity (s), and can be attached to any moving limb or piece of exercise (resistance) equipment (Bosco et al 1995).…”

Section: Chronobiology Internationalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is the diurnal variation in muscle force output detected/detectable when multi-joint movements are analysed using the musclelab force–velocity encoder?

Robertson

Pullinger

Robinson

et al. 2018

Chronobiology International

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We have investigated the magnitude of diurnal variation in back squat and bench press performance using the MuscleLab force velocity transducer. Thirty resistance-trained males (mean ± SD: age 21.7 ± 1.4 years; body mass 80.5 ± 4.5 kg; height 1.79 ± 0.06 m) underwent two sessions at different times of day: morning (M, 07:30 h) and evening (E, 17:30 h). Each session included a period when rectal temperature (T) was measured at rest, a 5-min standardized 150 W warm-up on a cycle ergometer, then defined programme of bench press (at 20, 40 and 60 kg) and back squat (at 30, 50 and 70 kg) exercises. A linear encoder was attached to an Olympic bar used for the exercises and average force (AF), peak velocity (PV) and time-to-peak velocity (tPV) were measured (MuscleLab software; MuscleLab Technology, Langesund, Norway) during the concentric phase of the movements. Values for T at rest were higher in the evening compared to morning values (0.48°C, P < 0.0005). Daily variations were apparent for both bench press and back squat performance for AF (1.9 and 2.5%), PV (8.3 and 12.7%) and tPV (-16.6 and -9.8%; where a negative number indicates a decrease in the variable from morning to evening). There was a main effect for load where AF and tPV increased and PV decreased from the lightest load to the heaviest for both bench press and back squat (47.1 and 80.2%; 31.7 and 57.7%; -42.1 and -73.9%; P < 0.0005 where a negative number indicates a decrease in the variable with increasing load). An interaction was found only for tPV, such that the tPV occurs earlier in the evening than the morning at the highest loads (60 and 70 kg) for both bench press and back squat, respectively (mean difference of 0.32 and 0.62 s). In summary, diurnal variation in back squat and bench press was shown; and the tPV in complex multi-joint movements occurs earlier during the concentric phase of exercise when back squat or bench press is performed in the evening compared to the morning. This difference can be detected using a low cost, portable and widely available commercial instrument and enables translation of past laboratory/tightly controlled experimental research in to main-stream coaching practice.

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“…More specifically, in movements that involve leaving the ground, such as jumping or leaping, takeoff velocity needs to be maximized to achieve the greatest distance (Garcia-Ramos et al, 2015). We have been studying vertical jumping mechanics in kangaroo rats, which are capable of vertically jumping to 10 times their standing hip height (Biewener and Blickhan, 1988;Schwaner et al, 2018) (Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yank: the time derivative of force is an important biomechanical variable in sensorimotor systems

Lin

McGowan

Blum

et al. 2019

Journal of Experimental Biology

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The derivative of force with respect to time does not have a standard term in physics. As a consequence, the quantity has been given a variety of names, the most closely related being 'rate of force development'. The lack of a proper name has made it difficult to understand how different structures and processes within the sensorimotor system respond to and shape the dynamics of force generation, which is critical for survival in many species. We advocate that ∂F/∂t be termed 'yank', a term that has previously been informally used and never formally defined. Our aim in this Commentary is to establish the significance of yank in how biological motor systems are organized, evolve and adapt. Further, by defining the quantity in mathematical terms, several measurement variables that are commonly reported can be clarified and unified. In this Commentary, we first detail the many types of motor function that are affected by the magnitude of yank generation, especially those related to timeconstrained activities. These activities include escape, prey capture and postural responses to perturbations. Next, we describe the multiscale structures and processes of the musculoskeletal system that influence yank and can be modified to increase yank generation. Lastly, we highlight recent studies showing that yank is represented in the sensory feedback system, and discuss how this information is used to enhance postural stability and facilitate recovery from postural perturbations. Overall, we promote an increased consideration of yank in studying biological motor and sensory systems.

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Comparison of the force-, velocity-, and power-time curves recorded with a force plate and a linear velocity transducer

Cited by 37 publications

References 22 publications

Monitoring Athlete Training Loads: Consensus Statement

Monitoring Athlete Training Loads: Consensus Statement

Is the diurnal variation in muscle force output detected/detectable when multi-joint movements are analysed using the musclelab force–velocity encoder?

Yank: the time derivative of force is an important biomechanical variable in sensorimotor systems

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