Comparison of the guaranteed analysis with the measured nutrient composition of commercial pet foods

Hill, Richard; Choate, Christina J; Scott, Karen C.; Molenberghs, Geert

doi:10.2460/javma.234.3.347

Cited by 38 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 4 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Most pet dogs are fed dry extruded diets in which up to 70–80% of the ME is provided by fat and non‐fibrous carbohydrates (Hill, Choate, Scott, & Molenberghs, ). However, there is very limited information on the satiating effect of these macronutrients, in relation to that of protein and fibre (Bosch et al., ; Weber et al., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of feeding a high‐carbohydrate or a high‐fat diet on subsequent food intake and blood concentration of satiety‐related hormones in dogs

Schauf

Salas-Mani

Torre

et al. 2017

Animal Physiology Nutrition

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryAlthough studies in rodents and humans have evidenced a weaker effect of fat in comparison to carbohydrates on the suppression of food intake, very few studies have been carried out in this field in dogs. This study investigates the effects of a highcarbohydrate (HC) and a high-fat (HF) diets on subsequent food intake and blood satiety-related hormones in dogs. Diets differed mainly in their starch (442 vs. 271 g/ kg dry matter) and fat (99.3 vs. 214 g/kg dry matter) contents. Twelve Beagle dogs received the experimental diets at maintenance energy requirements in two experimental periods, following a cross-over arrangement. In week 7 of each period, blood concentrations of active ghrelin, glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1), peptide YY, insulin, and glucose were determined before and at 30, 60, 120, 180, and 360 min postfeeding. The following week, intake of a challenge food offered 180 min after the HC and HF diets was recorded over two days. In comparison to the dogs on the HC diet, those on the HF diet had a higher basal concentration of GLP-1 (p = .010) and a higher total area under the curve over 180 min post-prandial (tAUC 0-180 ) (p = .031). Dogs on the HC diet showed a higher elevation of ghrelin at 180 min (p = .033) and of insulin at 360 min (p = .041), although ghrelin and insulin tAUC 0-180 did not differ between the two diets (p ˃ .10). Diet had no effect on challenge food intake (p ˃ .10), which correlated with the tAUC 0-180 of ghrelin (r = .514, p = .010), insulin (r = −.595, p = .002), and glucose (r = −.516, p = .010). Feeding a diet high in carbohydrate or fat at these inclusion levels does not affect the feeding response at 180 min post-prandial, suggesting a similar short-term satiating capacity. K E Y W O R D SBeagle, dietary fat, gut hormones, short-term satiety, starch | INTRODUCTIONThe effect of the main macronutrients on food intake and on satietyrelated gut hormones has been widely studied in humans and rats as the incidence of obesity and metabolic-related diseases gradually increases in Western countries. However, there have been comparatively few studies carried out in dogs and these have mainly focused on the effect of protein and fibre (Bosch et al., 2009;Weber et al., 2007). According to studies in humans, consumption of fat is closely related to body fat mass beyond any other individual factor (Tucker & Kano, 1992), and an increase in the fat to carbohydrate content of diets has been related to an increased energy intake in humans (Blundell, Burley, Cotton, & Lawton, 1993) and rats (Warwick, 2003) during ad libitum feeding tests. Over-consumption of fat-rich diets in these species may be associated with their high palatability, which can reinforce feeding behaviour even when energy needs have been satisfied Erlanson-Albertsson, 2005), but also to a weaker satiating capacity of fat. In this respect, a series of studies in humans (Blundell et al., 1993) and rats (Gaysinskaya, Karatayev, Chang, & Leibowitz, 2007) have evidenced a higher capacity of carbohydrates vs. fat to supp...

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of feeding a high‐carbohydrate or a high‐fat diet on subsequent food intake and blood concentration of satiety‐related hormones in dogs

Schauf

Salas-Mani

Torre

et al. 2017

Animal Physiology Nutrition

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We choose to analyze diet composition instead of relying on the package information as this is often not accurate . The sample size of 250 g that was analyzed may not always be representative for the different production batches of diet.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Dietary Copper and Zinc Levels with Hepatic Copper and Zinc Concentration in Labrador Retrievers

Fieten

Hooijer-Nouwens

Biourge

et al. 2012

Veterinary Internal Medicne

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Copper-associated hepatitis is an inherited disease in the Labrador Retriever. Apart from genetic factors, dietary intake of copper and zinc are suspected to play a role in the pathogenesis.Objectives: To investigate whether dietary copper and zinc levels of commercially available dry diets are associated with hepatic copper and zinc concentrations in Labrador Retrievers.Animals: Fifty-five Labrador Retrievers that were fed a single brand and type of commercial dry food for at least 1 year. Of these, 44 dogs were family members of Labrador Retrievers with copper-associated hepatitis.Methods: Liver biopsies, blood samples, and diet samples were obtained. Liver specimens were scored histologically and copper and zinc concentrations were quantified. Dietary concentrations of copper and zinc were measured. The association between dietary intake of copper and zinc and hepatic copper and zinc concentrations was investigated by linear regression analysis.Results: High dietary copper and low dietary zinc levels were significantly associated with high hepatic copper levels. No association between dietary intake and hepatic zinc was present.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: Dietary copper and zinc at current levels in commercially available dry dog food can influence hepatic copper and can be a risk factor for the development of copper-associated hepatitis in Labrador Retrievers with a genetic susceptibility to copper.

show abstract

“…They are convenient and consistent products with the assurance of nutritional adequacy provided on the label. These guarantees provided on the label are supported by independent compositional analysis recently completed on over 1,000 commercial foods [Streiff et al, ; Hill et al, ] and very few pet food recalls due to nutritional inadequacy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apparent total tract macronutrient and energy digestibility of 1- to- 3-day-old whole chicks, adult ground chicken, and extruded and canned chicken-based diets in African wildcats (Felis silvestris lybica)

Kerr¹,

Morris²,

Burke³

et al. 2013

Zoo Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Our objectives were to evaluate the composition of whole 1- to- 3-day-old chicks (Whole), ground adult chicken (Ground), chicken-based canned diet (Canned), and chicken-based extruded diet (Extruded); and evaluate apparent total tract energy and macronutrient digestibility of these diets by four captive African wildcats (Felis silvestrus lybica) utilizing a Latin Square design. We analyzed diets for macronutrient and mineral (Ca, P, K, Na, Mg, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, and S) composition, and screened for potentially pathogenic bacteria. Canned and Extruded diets tested negative for all microbes and met macronutrient and mineral recommendations for domestic cat foods [AAFCO (2012). Official publication. Oxford, IN: AAFCO]. Whole prey diets (Ground and Whole) met macronutrient requirements for domestic cats; however, they were below recommendations in some minerals [Mn, Cu, K, and Na; AAFCO (2012). Official publication. Oxford, IN: AAFCO], and tested positive for potentially pathogenic microorganisms (Salmonella, E. coli spp.). For all diets, apparent total tract organic matter digestibility was high (>85%). Organic matter digestibility was higher (P ≤ 0.05) for cats fed Ground (94%) compared to those fed Canned, Extruded, or Whole (87, 86, and 85%, respectively). Apparent total tract crude protein digestibility was lower than expected (i.e., <85%) for cats fed Extruded (81%) and fat digestibility was lower than expected (i.e., <90%) for cats fed Whole (82%). Cats fed whole prey items tested herein adequately maintained BW short-term; however, long-term studies are needed. These data indicate that there may be a need to monitor whole prey composition and when necessary, adjust the diet to account for potential deficiencies.

show abstract

Comparison of the guaranteed analysis with the measured nutrient composition of commercial pet foods

Cited by 38 publications

References 4 publications

Effect of feeding a high‐carbohydrate or a high‐fat diet on subsequent food intake and blood concentration of satiety‐related hormones in dogs

Effect of feeding a high‐carbohydrate or a high‐fat diet on subsequent food intake and blood concentration of satiety‐related hormones in dogs

Association of Dietary Copper and Zinc Levels with Hepatic Copper and Zinc Concentration in Labrador Retrievers

Apparent total tract macronutrient and energy digestibility of 1- to- 3-day-old whole chicks, adult ground chicken, and extruded and canned chicken-based diets in African wildcats (Felis silvestris lybica)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About