Comparison of the impact of ships to size-segregated particle concentrations in two harbour cities of northern Adriatic Sea

Chemical characterization and source apportionment of size-segregated aerosol in the port-city of Venice (Italy)

“…Percentage contribution of the following sources: sea salt aerosol (SSA), secondary inorganic aerosol (SIA), mineral dust (MD), trace element oxides (TEO), primary anthropogenic aerosol (PAA), and OA (organic aerosol). calculation of the impact of ship traffic to PM was assessed, in the same period and area, applying optical high-resolution measurements of aerosol (Merico et al, 2020): they obtained a contribution of about 2% to PM 1 and of 7.4% to nanoparticles (in numerical concentration), very similar to the results of this work (2.3% on PM 1 and 7.0% on PM 0.1 , respectively). The incremental trend of the contribution with decreasing particle size was in accordance to what previously observed in various sites in Europe (Viana et al, 2014).…”

Shipping and Air Quality in Italian Port Cities: State-of-the-Art Analysis of Available Results of Estimated Impacts

“…Available outcomes (26% and 23% in 2012 and 2014, respectively) in Brindisi were four times higher than those in Venice (6% and 7.4% in 2012 and 2018, respectively), revealing the relevant impact of logistics activities in Brindisi (i.e., vehicular traffic) and the indirect mitigation effect on PNC by the Venice Blue Flag. Furthermore, comparison of results obtained in two harbour cities (Venice, Brindisi), showed remarkable similarities in the general shape of relative contributions of shipping to atmospheric particle concentrations as function of size [55]. In detail, relative contributions recorded a maximum for nanoparticles and another secondary one in the fine range with an intermediate quick decrease at both sites.…”

“…Although in-port emissions represent only a small share of the global emissions of shipping [54], they could imply detrimental effects on life quality, in terms of human health, in local communities [55,56]. In order to regulate shipping emissions, their robust quantification and localization is necessary.…”

“…In other studies, a statistical analysis of high temporal resolution data is applied in some Adriatic harbours [26,31,55,90]. In this case, the approach used is based on the integration and synchronization of data of wind direction, pollutant concentrations, and ship traffic (departures/arrivals and maneuvering).…”

“…Relative shipping contributions of ultrafine particles (diameter < 0.3 µm) could be up to 3-4 times larger than those in mass concentrations (either PM 2.5 or PM 10 ) [31,55,105], suggesting PNC as a good parameter to add to regulated indicators of shipping impact. Available outcomes (26% and 23% in 2012 and 2014, respectively) in Brindisi were four times higher than those in Venice (6% and 7.4% in 2012 and 2018, respectively), revealing the relevant impact of logistics activities in Brindisi (i.e., vehicular traffic) and the indirect mitigation effect on PNC by the Venice Blue Flag.…”