Comparison of the neuromuscular blocking effects of cisatracurium during isoflurane or propofol anesthesia in dogs

Effects of Cisatracurium in Sevoflurane and Propofol Requirements in Dog-Undergoing-Mastectomy Surgery

“…Some authors reported that an additional dose of cisatracurium (0.02 mg kg −1 ) provided a slight dose dependent cumulative effect [ 8 ]. In our study, it was not necessary to perform the increase of cisatracurium dosage at all time points, and there was no evidence of recurarization in the treated animals.…”

“…Muscle-relaxant drugs have no known effect on the level of consciousness or pain threshold; therefore, they should always be combined with a good hypnotic and analgesic drug [ 5 , 10 ]. Conflicting data are present in literature about the role of propofol used in association with NMbs: some reports showed a prolonged effect of the muscle relaxant rocuronium after the propofol inoculation [ 11 ], while other studies did not report a similar effect [ 7 , 8 ]. In this study, the group treated with cisatracurium required a dosage of propofol lower than the untreated group, likely due to the facilitation of intubation induced by the muscle relaxant.…”

“…Instead, the supplementation of the muscle relaxant probably contributed to the reduction of gaseous anesthetic doses throughout the anesthesia time [ 6 , 22 ]. Several authors have demonstrated a more pronounced potentiation of neuromuscular relaxant when administered with inhaled anesthetics such as sevoflurane or isoflurane, which increases skeletal muscle sensitivity to muscle relaxants [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 35 ]. During general anesthesia, one of the main goals is to maintain tissue perfusion and oxygenation, which depends on cardiac output and arterial oxygen content.…”

“…[ 3 , 4 , 5 ]. Authors showed that NMB-induced neuromuscular blockade is potentiated and prolonged when halogenated anesthetics are used; in addition, inhalational anesthetics increase the neuromuscular blockade produced by nondepolarizing drugs in a dose-dependent manner [ 6 , 7 , 8 ]. Neuromuscular blocking agents cause myorelaxation but do not have hypnotic and analgesic effects, so they should always be administered with anesthetic and analgesic drugs [ 9 , 10 , 11 ].…”

“…Cisatracurium has greater myorelaxant potency than atracurium, so it is used in lower doses. The reduction in dose results in lower plasma levels of laudanosine (active metabolite) and reduced side effects [ 8 , 12 ]. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the sevoflurane and propofol requirements and the vital parameters in dogs undergoing mastectomy, anesthetized with a multimodal regimen.…”