Comparison of the Phytotoxic Effects of Usnic Acid on Cultures of Free-Living Alga Scenedesmus quadricauda and Aposymbiotically Grown Lichen Photobiont Trebouxia erici

Bačkor, Martin; Klemová, Katarína; Bačkorová, Miriam; Иванова, В.

doi:10.1007/s10886-010-9776-4

Cited by 38 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Usnic acid was indeed proven to act as an allelochemical exerting phytotoxic effects that are nevertheless higher towards free-living alga than on aposymbiotically grown lichen photobionts. This shall be regarded as an adaptation resulting from long term co-evolution of these algae with fungi that produce toxic specialized metabolites28. To maintain a harmonious growth pattern of the thallus, the mycobiont, whose growth capacities are limited, has to regulate the metabolism and the division rate of its photobiont through chemicals2930.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial mapping of lichen specialized metabolites using LDI-MSI: chemical ecology issues for Ophioparma ventosa

Pogam

Legouin

Geairon

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Imaging mass spectrometry techniques have become a powerful strategy to assess the spatial distribution of metabolites in biological systems. Based on auto-ionisability of lichen metabolites using LDI-MS, we herein image the distribution of major secondary metabolites (specialized metabolites) from the lichen Ophioparma ventosa by LDI-MSI (Mass Spectrometry Imaging). Such technologies offer tremendous opportunities to discuss the role of natural products through spatial mapping, their distribution patterns being consistent with previous chemical ecology reports. A special attention was dedicated to miriquidic acid, an unexpected molecule we first reported in Ophioparma ventosa. The analytical strategy presented herein offers new perspectives to access the sharp distribution of lichen metabolites from regular razor blade-sectioned slices.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial mapping of lichen specialized metabolites using LDI-MSI: chemical ecology issues for Ophioparma ventosa

Pogam

Legouin

Geairon

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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“…Produced by the mycobiont, it can regulate photobiont cell division in the thalli, screen from excessive sunlight, detoxify from metal pollution and prevent oxidative stresses (Bačkor et al, 2010;Caviglia et al, 2001;Cocchietto , 2002). Exposure to NH 3 in F. caperata altered the content of usnic acid, but did not affected that of caperatic acid, a medullary compound with a protective role.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of acute NH3 air pollution on N-sensitive and N-tolerant lichen species

Paoli

Maslaňáková

Grassi

et al. 2015

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

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Lichens are sensitive to the presence of ammonia (NH3) in the environment. However, in order to use them as reliable indicators in biomonitoring studies, it is necessary to establish unequivocally the occurrence of certain symptoms following the exposure to NH3 in the environment. In this paper, we simulated an episode of acute air pollution due to the release of NH3. The biological effects of acute air pollution by atmospheric NH3 have been investigated using N-sensitive (Flavoparmelia caperata) and N-tolerant (Xanthoria parietina) species. Lichen samples were exposed to ecologically relevant NH3 concentrations for 8 weeks, simulating three areas of impact: a control area (2 μg/m(3)), an area of intermediate impact (2-35 μg/m(3)) and an area of high impact (10-315 μg/m(3)), with a peak of pollution reached between the fourth and fifth week. Ammonia affected both the photobiont and the mycobiont in F. caperata, while in X. parietina only the photosynthetic performance of the photobiont was altered after exposure to the highest concentration. In the photobiont of F. caperata we recorded chlorophyll degradation as indicated by OD435/415 ratio, decrease of the photosynthetic performance (as reflected by the maximum quantum yield of primary photochemistry FV/FM and the performance index PIABS); in the mycobiont, ergosterol reduction, membrane lipid peroxidation (as reflected by the increase of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances), alteration (decrease) of the secondary metabolite usnic acid. No effects were detected on caperatic acid and dehydrogenase activity. In X. parietina, the only signal determined by NH3 was the alteration of FV/FM and the performance index PIABS. The results suggest that physiological parameters in N-sensitive lichens well reflect the effects of NH3 exposure and can be applied as early indicators in monitoring studies.

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“…Finally, 40 μl of homogenized moss suspension was applied on each glass fiber disk. Nutrients are able to pass through disk pores from the medium to the plantlets (Bačkor, Klemová, Bačkorová, & Ivanova, 2010). Mosses were cultivated for 5 weeks; each treatment was repeated at least ten times.…”

Section: Allelopathic Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Usnic acid, as a biotic factor, changes the ploidy level in mosses

Goga

Ručová

Kolarčik

et al. 2018

Ecology and Evolution

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Lichens and mosses often share the same environmental conditions where they compete for substrate and other essential factors. Lichens use secondary metabolites as allelochemicals to repel surrounding plants and potential rivals. In mosses, endoreduplication leads to the occurrence of various ploidy levels in the same individual and has been suggested as an adaptation to abiotic stresses. Here, we show that also biotic factors such as usnic acid, an allelochemical produced by lichens, directly influenced the level of ploidy in mosses. Application of usnic acid changed the nuclei proportion and significantly enhanced the endoreduplication index in two moss species, Physcomitrella patens and Pohlia drummondii. These investigations add a new aspect on secondary metabolites of lichens which count as biotic factors and affect ploidy levels in mosses.

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Comparison of the Phytotoxic Effects of Usnic Acid on Cultures of Free-Living Alga Scenedesmus quadricauda and Aposymbiotically Grown Lichen Photobiont Trebouxia erici

Cited by 38 publications

References 29 publications

Spatial mapping of lichen specialized metabolites using LDI-MSI: chemical ecology issues for Ophioparma ventosa

Spatial mapping of lichen specialized metabolites using LDI-MSI: chemical ecology issues for Ophioparma ventosa

Effects of acute NH3 air pollution on N-sensitive and N-tolerant lichen species

Usnic acid, as a biotic factor, changes the ploidy level in mosses

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