Comparison of the protective effectiveness of NPQ in Arabidopsis plants deficient in PsbS protein and zeaxanthin

Ware, Maxwell A.; Belgio, Erica; Ruban, Alexander V.

doi:10.1093/jxb/eru477

Cited by 59 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…4C). One important conclusion of this work is that regardless of the type of mutation, the light tolerance was solely determined by the amplitude of pNPQ Ware et al, 2014 ), plants must develop pNPQ of approximately 4, which is probably the top value for this species. As expected, plants acclimated to low light exhibited lower light tolerance (Ware et al, 2015a).…”

Section: Protective Effectiveness Of Npqmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…The application of this approach enabled a number of important parameters to be obtained without the use of the dark relaxation step: (1) the amplitude of all protective components of NPQ, pNPQ; (2) the maximum tolerated light intensity at which all RCIIs remain functional; (3) the minimum pNPQ sufficient to protect against a unit of light intensity; (4) the amount of potentially wasteful pNPQ; and (5) the light tolerance curves for a particular type of plant Ware et al, 2014). As a result of this development, the highest light intensity tolerated by 50% of various tested plants has been identified (Fig.…”

Section: Protective Effectiveness Of Npqmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nonphotochemical Chlorophyll Fluorescence Quenching: Mechanism and Effectiveness in Protecting Plants from Photodamage

2016

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We review the mechanism underlying nonphotochemical chlorophyll fluorescence quenching (NPQ) and its role in protecting plants against photoinhibition. This review includes an introduction to this phenomenon, a brief history of major milestones in our understanding of NPQ, definitions, and a discussion of quantitative measurements of NPQ. We discuss the current knowledge and unknown aspects in the NPQ scenario, including the following: DpH, the proton gradient (trigger); lightharvesting complex II (LHCII), PSII light harvesting antenna (site); and changes in the antenna induced by DpH (change), which lead to the creation of the quencher. We conclude that the minimum requirements for NPQ in vivo are DpH, LHCII complexes, and the PsbS protein. We highlight the most important unknown in the NPQ scenario, the mechanism by which PsbS acts upon the LHCII antenna. Finally, we describe a novel, emerging technology for assessing the photoprotective "power" of NPQ and the important findings obtained through this technology.

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Section: Protective Effectiveness Of Npqmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Protective Effectiveness Of Npqmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonphotochemical Chlorophyll Fluorescence Quenching: Mechanism and Effectiveness in Protecting Plants from Photodamage

2016

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“…Plants lacking PsbS or with PsbS having mutated glutamate residues have increased PSII semi-crystalline ordered arrays and reduced mobility of proteins in the grana membrane (Kereïche et al 2010;Goral et al 2012). This results in both slower forming and reduced protective NPQ (pNPQ) compared to wild type (WT) and even zeaxanthin-less (npq1) plants (Ware et al 2014). By increasing the sensitivity of PSII antenna to lumen pH, plants are able to respond more quickly to excess excitation in PSII antenna (Ruban and Horton 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It utilises a gradually increasing actinic light routine that defines pNPQ regardless of the reversible NPQ component (qE, qT, qZ) or rate of NPQ relaxation, which in itself are often ambiguous criteria. The onset of photoinhibition is being registered as a decline qPd (Ruban Photosynth Res and Murchie 2012;Ruban and Belgio 2014;Ware et al 2014). This allows the maximum tolerated light intensity at which 100 % of RCIIs remain undamaged and a corresponding level of NPQ (pNPQ) to be related.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoprotective capacity of non-photochemical quenching in plants acclimated to different light intensities

2015

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Arabidopsis plants grown at low light were exposed to a gradually increasing actinic light routine. This method allows for the discerning of the photoprotective component of NPQ, pNPQ and photoinhibition. They exhibited lower values of Photosystem II (PSII) yield in comparison to high-light grown plants, and higher calculated dark fluorescence level (F'o calc.) than the measured one (F'o act.). As a result, in low-light grown plants, the values of qP measured in the dark appeared higher than 1. Normally, F'o act. and F'o calc. match well at moderate light intensities but F'o act. becomes higher at increasing intensities due to reaction centre (RCII) damage; this indicates the onset of photoinhibition. To explain the unusual increase of qP in the dark in low-light grown plants, we have undertaken an analysis of PSII antenna size using biochemical and spectroscopic approaches. Sucrose gradient separation of thylakoid membrane complexes and fast fluorescence induction experiments illustrated that the relative PSII cross section does not increase appreciably with the rise in PSII antenna size in the low-light grown plants. This suggests that part of the increased LHCII antenna is less efficiently coupled to the RCII. A model based upon the existence of an uncoupled population LHCII is proposed to explain the discrepancies in calculated and measured values of F'o.

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“…Since the fundamental role of light is connected with the regulation of the photosynthesis process, it is not surprising that the photosynthetic machinery is well equipped to protect plants from the harmful effects of the absorption of EEE. NPQ is a mechanism which dissipates excess light energy as heat (Müller et al 2001;Ware et al 2015). The fastest and the best described component of NPQ is qE, called energy-dependent quenching, which is induced by the generation of a pH gradient across the thylakoid membrane (Krause and Behrend 1986;Müller et al 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-talk between high light stress and plant defence to the two-spotted spider mite in Arabidopsis thaliana

et al. 2017

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Little is known about how plants deal with arthropod herbivores under the fluctuating light intensity and spectra which occur in natural environments. Moreover, the role of simultaneous stress such as excess light (EL) in the regulation of plant responses to herbivores is poorly characterized. In the current study, we focused on a mite-herbivore, specifically, the two-spotted spider mite (TSSM), which is one of the major agricultural pests worldwide. Our results showed that TSSM-induced leaf damage (visualized by trypan blue staining) and oviposition rate (measured as daily female fecundity) decreased after EL pre-treatment in wild-type Arabidopsis plants, but the observed responses were not wavelength specific. Thus, we established that EL pre-treatment reduced Arabidopsis susceptibility to TSSM infestation. Due to the fact that a portion of EL energy is dissipated by plants as heat in the mechanism known as non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) of chlorophyll fluorescence, we tested an Arabidopsis npq4-1 mutant impaired in NPQ. We showed that npq4-1 plants are significantly less susceptible to TSSM feeding activity, and this result was not dependent on light pre-treatment. Therefore, our findings strongly support the role of light in plant defence against TSSM, pointing to a key role for a photoprotective mechanism such as NPQ in this regulation. We hypothesize that plants impaired in NPQ are constantly primed to mite attack, as this seems to be a universal evolutionarily conserved mechanism for herbivores.

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Comparison of the protective effectiveness of NPQ in Arabidopsis plants deficient in PsbS protein and zeaxanthin

Abstract: HighlightA novel method for assessing the protective effectiveness of non-photochemical chlorophyll fluorescence quenching revealed that PsbS protein plays a generally more important role then zeaxanthin.

Cited by 59 publications

References 75 publications

Nonphotochemical Chlorophyll Fluorescence Quenching: Mechanism and Effectiveness in Protecting Plants from Photodamage

Nonphotochemical Chlorophyll Fluorescence Quenching: Mechanism and Effectiveness in Protecting Plants from Photodamage

Photoprotective capacity of non-photochemical quenching in plants acclimated to different light intensities

Cross-talk between high light stress and plant defence to the two-spotted spider mite in Arabidopsis thaliana

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