Comparison of thermochemical, electrolytic, photoelectrolytic and photochemical solar-to-hydrogen production technologies

Wang, Z.; Roberts, R. A.; Naterer, G.F.; Gabriel, Kamiel

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.03.057

Cited by 222 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…1 The solar energy production (photovoltaic) is already well investigated and the efficiency can reach values up to 25%. 2 Efficiency for low temperature electrolysis is in the order of 75%, 3 so that for photo-voltaic powered electrolysis an overall efficiency of 19% is possible (16% was already reported by Wang et al 4 ). A further attempt for green hydrogen production is photocatalytic water splitting which has become a dream reaction since Fujishima and Honda have made their first successful observations on TiO 2 electrodes in 1972.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

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Quantification of photocatalytic hydrogen evolution

Schwarze

Stellmach

Schröder

et al. 2013

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…In experiments with stirred solution, the reactor is charged with the liquids at position (1) and the thermocouple is placed at position (4). In experiments with circulated solution, the stream enters and leaves the reactor at position (5) and (3), respectively.…”

Section: Photovoltaic-powered Electrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of photocatalytic hydrogen evolution

Schwarze

Stellmach

Schröder

et al. 2013

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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“…10 mg of the as-synthesized photocatalysts were suspended in 100 mL deionized photocatalysts was evaluated by the conversion efficiency of light to hydrogen energy (η), which was calculated by equation 1 [8,13,[45][46][47]:…”

Section: Photocatalytic H 2 Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rational design of CdS@ZnO core-shell structure via atomic layer deposition for drastically enhanced photocatalytic H2 evolution with excellent photostability

et al. 2017

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Rational design of CdS@ZnO core-shell structure via atomic layer deposition for drastically enhanced photocatalytic H evolution with excellent photostability, Nano Energy, http://dx.doi.org/10. 1016/j.nanoen.2017.06.047 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting galley proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. number of deposition cycles, and the obtained CdS@ZnO with 100 ALD deposition cycles displays the optimal photocatalytic H 2 evolution rate of 11.36 mmol/g/h. WhenPt and PdS are used as the co-catalysts, the H 2 evolution rates are further enhanced to 71.39 and 98.82 mmol/g/h, respectively, which are 4.1 and 5.7 times higher than the highest reported value (17.40 mmol/g/h) among CdS-ZnO catalyst systems. Detailed characterization reveals that the drastically enhanced photocatalytic activity can be attributed to not only efficient space separation of the photo-induced electrons and holes resulted from the formation of a direct Z-scheme photocatalytic system between crystalline ZnO and CdS, but also the intimate contact at molecular scale between the two semiconductors. Due to the coverage of ALD-prepared crystalline ZnO shell on CdS core, the CdS@ZnO core-shell structures exhibit excellent photostability. Graphical abstract3 / 31

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“…Especially, thermochemical [6], photoelectrochemical [7][8][9][10] and photochemical processes [11,12] can be employed for solar hydrogen generation. Photocatalytic hydrogen generation can be achieved through water photosplitting [13] or photoreforming of organic species [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen Generation through Solar Photocatalytic Processes: A Review of the Configuration and the Properties of Effective Metal-Based Semiconductor Nanomaterials

et al. 2017

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Photocatalytic water splitting and organic reforming based on nano-sized composites are gaining increasing interest due to the possibility of generating hydrogen by employing solar energy with low environmental impact. Although great efforts in developing materials ensuring high specific photoactivity have been recently recorded in the literature survey, the solar-to-hydrogen energy conversion efficiencies are currently still far from meeting the minimum requirements for real solar applications. This review aims at reporting the most significant results recently collected in the field of hydrogen generation through photocatalytic water splitting and organic reforming, with specific focus on metal-based semiconductor nanomaterials (e.g., metal oxides, metal (oxy)nitrides and metal (oxy)sulfides) used as photocatalysts under UVA or visible light irradiation. Recent developments for improving the photoefficiency for hydrogen generation of most used metal-based composites are pointed out. The main synthesis and operating variables affecting photocatalytic water splitting and organic reforming over metal-based nanocomposites are critically evaluated.

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Comparison of thermochemical, electrolytic, photoelectrolytic and photochemical solar-to-hydrogen production technologies

Cited by 222 publications

References 77 publications

Quantification of photocatalytic hydrogen evolution

Quantification of photocatalytic hydrogen evolution

Rational design of CdS@ZnO core-shell structure via atomic layer deposition for drastically enhanced photocatalytic H2 evolution with excellent photostability

Hydrogen Generation through Solar Photocatalytic Processes: A Review of the Configuration and the Properties of Effective Metal-Based Semiconductor Nanomaterials

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