Comparison of three analgesic drug regimens with twelfth subcostal nerve block for pain control during extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy

Abstract

Even though there were no statistically significant differences between the three groups, the analgesic regimen of twelfth subcostal nerve block with lidocaine 2%, alone, was as efficacious as its combination with other analgesics and therefore can be used as a sole analgesic method during ESWL.

Effect of acupressure on pain intensity and physiological indices in patients undergoing extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy: a randomized double-blind sham-controlled clinical trial

“…The lithotripsy operator may also reduce the device's frequency and voltage due to the patient's unbearable and severe pain, resulting in a proportional decrease in lithotripsy success [ 35 ]. The most commonly used drug regimens for this purpose include NSAIDs such as diclofenac [ 36 ], sodium parecoxib [ 21 ], and opioids such as morphine [ 2 ]. However, the use of these drugs may be associated with several adverse effects: reduced renal blood flow, renal failure, severe nausea, vomiting, and potentially dangerous complications like respiratory depression, in addition to their high costs [ 10 , 18 ].…”

“…For example, Gul and Gul reported similar pain relief effects after sterile water injection into the restricted triangular area bordered by the 12th rib, the spinal column, and the iliac crest, akin to an intramuscular diclofenac injection [ 9 ]. Maldonado Avila et al found that the infusion of 2% lidocaine into the twelfth thoracic nerve could effectively relieve kidney stone pain [ 36 ].…”