Comparison of Three Sour Cherry Cultivars Grown in Central-Eastern Poland

Abstract

Sour cherry is one of the most important fruit crops in Poland and cultivar is an important factor in its cultivation. The experiment was conducted in a commercial family orchard in a year characterized by a warm and wet spring and also by a very hot and dry summer. Fruit yields harvested from well fertilized 19-years old 'Kelleris 16', 'Nefris' and 'Łutówka' trees grafted on Mahaleb cherry and protected against pests using integrated plant protection system were medium high and of good quality, however productivity index of a tree was low. The fruits attained high weight and diameter and contained big amounts of sugars, vit. C, anthocyanins and flavonoids and medium amount of phenolic acids. Among anthocyanins the most important were cyanidin 3-glucosyl-rutinoside and cyanidin 3-rutinoside. Antioxidant activity of fruits measured as percent of DPPH inhibition was high and similar among compared cultivars. Łutówka was the most productive cultivar of medium leaf and fruit size and with fruits of highest vit. C and flavonoids content and lowest total sugars and monosaccharides content. The least productive cultivar was Nefris, though its fruits were the biggest and contained dry matter, soluble solids, anthocyanins and phenolic acids in the highest amounts of all and vit. C at the lowest level of all. Kelleris 16 was the medium productive cultivar characterized by widest leaf blades and smallest fruits. Content of total sugars and monosaccharides in its fruits was the highest and content of anthocyanins and phenolic acids was the lowest. Residues of dodine and thiacloprid determined in the fruits immediately after harvest were much lower than the permissible residue maximum level.

Chemical Composition of 21 Cultivars of Sour Cherry (Prunus cerasus) Fruit Cultivated in Poland

“…“Wieluń 17”). Monomers and dimers were mainly detected ( Supplementary Material Table S4 ), similar to the research of Karaaslan et al, Wojdyło et al and others [ 6 , 20 , 36 ].…”

“…It was similar to sugar content in other sour fruit, for example, cornelian cherry, in which total sugars in the fruits were 4.1–16.4% [ 14 , 15 ] and less than in sweet cherries, where 7.7–26.5% of total sugars was determined [ 16 , 17 , 18 ]. Sour cherries can contain from 6.0 g/100 g FW to 16.33 g/100 g FW of carbohydrates [ 19 , 20 ]. As in many other fruits, in carbohydrate composition, glucose and fructose were dominant and represented 54.8–78.7% of all sugars.…”

“…Other researchers determined 120.0–312.0 mg of phenolic compounds in 100 g of sour cherry fruit [ 27 , 35 , 37 ]. Due to the numerous cultivars and varieties, the composition and content of sour cherry constituents vary widely, and their level depends mainly on the cultivar, maturity, agronomic factors and climatic conditions [ 6 , 20 , 22 ].…”

Selection Of The Best Varieties Of Cherry Fruits By The Method Of Multi-Criteria Optimization

“…Хімічний склад плодів вишні залежить від погодних умов, зони вирощування та визначається головним чином особливостями сорту. За даними літературних джерел в плодах вишні міститься: 11−12% сухих розчинних речовин, 6−15% цукрів [2]. З вмісту 10,9% вуглеводів глюкоза складає 4,6%, фруктоза −3,9% і 0,4% − сахароза.…”

“…Так, С. Podsiadlo [3] зазначає, що плоди вишні сортів Келеріс і Лотовка містять 7,5% цукрів, 3,27 мг/100 г вітаміну С. За даними досліджень E. Яджук-Тобіаш [6], вага плодів вишні сорту Лотовка складає від 4,19 до 4,7 г, вміст сухих розчинних речовин залежав від року досліджень коливався від 15,2 до 15,9%. Дослідники A Боровий, О.Чржановська та М. Каплан [2] зазначають, що вміст сухих розчинних речовин найвищий в плодах вишні сорту Нефріс -13,2% в тому числі вміст цукрів складав 10,1−15,1% і моноцукрів 8,3−11,6%. Плоди вишні мали високу антиоксидантну активність, що зумовлено значним вмістом антоціанів і вітаміну С [7,8].…”