Comparison of Time-Error Phenomena in Different Sense-Modalities

Inomata, Satoru

doi:10.4992/psycholres1954.6.10

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 7 publications

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“…Needham's figure shows plots of the TOE as a function of the ISI for different intensity levels: For an ISI of 6,000 msec Needham (1935) found a positive TOE for soft tones and a negative TOE for loud tones, but the curves converge for shorter ISIs and show no effect of the loudness level for the shortest ISI used, 1,000 msec. A similar pattern of converging TOE curves was reported by Inomata (1963), although for the longer ISIs all TOEs were negative. Berliner, Durlach, and Braida (1977) obtained results that were similar to the present ones in that the usual inverse relation between stimulus level and TOE vanished for short tone durations and short ISIs.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Comparison is not just subtraction: Effects of time- and space-order on subjective stimulus difference

Hellström

2003

Perception & Psychophysics

153

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In five experiments, participants made comparative judgments of paired successive or simultaneous stimuli. Time- or space-order errors were obtained, which varied with the interstimulus interval (ISI) or stimulus duration, as well as with the stimulus level. The results, in terms of scaled subjective differences, are well described by Hellström's (1979) sensation-weighting model. With successive presentation, in comparisons of line length and tone loudness, the first stimulus had the greater weight in determining the subjective difference for short ISIs, the second for longer ISIs. In comparisons of duration (auditory and visual), the second stimulus had the greater weight. For simultaneously presented line lengths, the left stimulus had the greater weight.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Comparison is not just subtraction: Effects of time- and space-order on subjective stimulus difference

Hellström

2003

Perception & Psychophysics

153

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The time-order error and its relatives: Mirrors of cognitive processes in comparing.

Hellström¹

1985

Psychological Bulletin

233

276

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A number of studies on the time-order error (TOE) and related perceptual and judgmental phenomena are reviewed. It is concluded that the TOE should be classified as a perceptual phenomenon that can be understood and predicted with adaptation-level theory and the notion of sensation weighting. It is also concluded that sensation weighting underlies assimilation and contrast phenomena and that it is a manifestation of a general cognitive principle: the utilization of generic information to supplement specific stimulus information.

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Intramodal and crossmodal pairing and anchoring in comparisons of successive stimuli

Hellström

Cederström

2014

Atten Percept Psychophys

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Two experiments were conducted to study effects of modality, temporal position, and their interaction on comparisons of successive stimuli. In Experiment 1, intramodal (tone-tone and line-line) and crossmodal (tone-line and line-tone) stimulus pairs, with two interstimulus intervals (ISIs), 400 and 2,000 ms, were presented. Participants indicated which stimulus was the "stronger." Time-order errors (TOEs) were assessed using the D% measure and were found in all types of pairs. Variation in TOEs across conditions was well accounted for by changes in parameters (stimulus weights, reference levels) in an extended version of Hellström's sensation weighting (SW) model. With an ISI of 2,000 ms, the first stimulus had a lower weight (less impact on the response) than did the second stimulus. More negative TOEs were found with the longer ISI in all pair types except tone-line. In Experiment 2, participants indicated which of two lines was the longer or which of two tones was the louder. An intra- or crossmodal anchor, or no anchor, was interpolated between the stimuli. Anchoring tended to reduce the weight of the first stimulus, suggesting interference with memory, and to yield negative TOEs. Intramodal anchors yielded reduced weights of both stimuli, most dramatically for tones, suggesting an additional effect of stimulus interference. Response times decreased with crossmodal anchors. For line-line pairs, strong negative TOEs were found. In both experiments, the variation in TOE across conditions was well accounted for by the SW model.

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Comparison of Time-Error Phenomena in Different Sense-Modalities

Cited by 3 publications

References 7 publications

Comparison is not just subtraction: Effects of time- and space-order on subjective stimulus difference

Comparison is not just subtraction: Effects of time- and space-order on subjective stimulus difference

The time-order error and its relatives: Mirrors of cognitive processes in comparing.

Intramodal and crossmodal pairing and anchoring in comparisons of successive stimuli

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