Comparison of titanium soaked in 5M NaOH or 5M KOH solutions

Kim, Christina; Kendall, Matthew R.; Miller, Matthew A.; Long, Courtney L.; Larson, Preston R.; Humphrey, Mary Beth; Madden, Andrew S.; Taş, A. Cüneyt

doi:10.1016/j.msec.2012.08.047

Cited by 67 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Analysis within as-Ti group found that KOH etching increased the wettability of the surface with contact angle value of 25.27±0.95° lower than NaOH etching of 38.64±1.03°. Similar results also reported by Kim et al [16]. Potassium ion has a better reactivity compared to sodium ion.…”

Section: Figure 2 the Contact Angles Measurement Of Alkali And Alkalsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Initial soaking of as-Ti and ab-Ti in NaOH gave the Ra value ~0.3-0.5µm greater than Ra in KOH treatment. Alkali treatment leads to the development of submicron-or nano roughness on Ti surface [16] Theoretically, potassium was slightly reactive than sodium. This might cause the outer layer of oxide Ti surface to completely dissolved and activated to form a more homogeneous oxide film.…”

Section: Results and Discussion Surface Roughnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the case of NaOH etching, higher contact angle of as-Ti than ab-Ti is due to the presence of inhomogeneous porous network structure in the as-Ti surface (Figure 3b). A large clump cloud-like structure act as a multiscaled roughness of pillars forced the droplet of water to remain in Cassie state which increases the hydrophobicity of as-Ti [16]. Meanwhile in a KOH etching case, a porous network structure observed on the surface of as-Ti (Figure 3d) which contributed to geometrical air trapping effect due to wetting of hydrophilic pores [19].…”

Section: Figure 2 the Contact Angles Measurement Of Alkali And Alkalmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Surface Characterization on Alkali-Heat-Treatment on Titanium Alloy

Hamzah¹

2016

MJAS

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Coating of apatite in a biomimetic fluid is an alternative technique for metallic coating. Key element for effective biomimetic apatite coating depends on the surface material that can be enhanced by physical and chemical pre-treatment process. Two different preparations of Titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) have been studied namely as received (as-Ti) and abraded (ab-Ti) with SiC paper. Both samples were then immersed in 5M NaOH and 5M KOH at temperature of 60 °C for 24 hours. A passive oxide layer covered on the surface of Ti6Al4V generally changed to form alkali (Na/K) titanate layer which is mechanically unstable. Therefore, alkali-treated Ti6Al4V were heat-treated at 700 °C for 1 hour to consolidate a mechanically stable structure of amorphous alkali titanate layer. Both samples before and after heat treatment were characterized using field emission scanning electron microscope, 3D surface metrology, contact angle goniometry and X-ray diffraction. The result indicates that as-Ti treated in 5 M KOH showed an existence of porous network structure.Keywords: titanium, active surface, alkali treatment, heat treatment Abstrak Penyalutan apatit dalam cecair biomimetik adalah teknik alternatif untuk salutan logam. Faktor utama dalam penyalutan logam dengan apatit secara biomimetik yang berkesan adalah bergantung kepada sifat permukaan bahan/logam. Sifat permukaan logam boleh ditambah baik melalui proses pra-rawatan secara fizikal dan kimia. Dua persediaan yang berbeza ke atas aloi Titanium (Ti6Al4V) telah dikaji iaitu seperti yang diterima (as-Ti) dan telah dilelas (ab-Ti) dengan kertas pasir silikon karbida (SiC). Kedua-dua sampel kemudiannya direndam ke dalam 5M NaOH dan 5M KOH pada suhu 60 °C selama 24 jam. Satu lapisan oksida pasif yang meliputi atas permukaan Ti6Al4V umumnya berubah untuk membentuk lapisan alkali (Na/K) titanat yang secara mekanikal adalah tidak stabil. Oleh itu, Ti6Al4V yang telah mengalami pra-rawatan alkali telah melalui proses pemanasan haba pada suhu 700 °C selama 1 jam untuk mengukuhkan kestabilan struktur mekanikal lapisan amorfus alkali titanat. Keduadua sampel sebelum dan selepas rawatan haba telah dianalisa menggunakan mikroskop elektron imbasan pancaran medan, metrologi permukaan 3D, sudut sentuhan goniometri dan pembelauan sinar-X. Hasil daripada kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa as-Ti yang dirawat dengan 5M KOH menunjukkan jelas kewujudan struktur jaringan berliang.

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Section: Figure 2 the Contact Angles Measurement Of Alkali And Alkalsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Results and Discussion Surface Roughnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figure 2 the Contact Angles Measurement Of Alkali And Alkalmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Surface Characterization on Alkali-Heat-Treatment on Titanium Alloy

Hamzah¹

2016

MJAS

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“…Fig. 2 (a), (b), and (c) show the pore morphology that formed on the surface of the Ti disk, and many researchers have reported that such a morphology can only be obtained when Ti is immersed into an NaOH solution [12,13]. The increase in temperature during heat treatment densifies the pores and changes them into rod-like features.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large-Area Sodium Titanate Nanorods Formed On Titanium Surface Via NaOH Alkali Treatment

Lee¹,

Yoo²

2015

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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Ti surfaces covered with large sodium titanate nanorods act as efficient electrodes for energy conversion and environmental applications. In this study, sodium titanate nanorod films were prepared on a Ti substrate in a 5M NaOH aqueous solution followed by heat treatment. The morphological characterization and the crystal structures of the sodium titanate nanorods were investigated via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Thin amorphous sodium titanate layers formed during the alkali-treatment, and sodium titanate nanorods were obtained after heat treatment at a temperature of 700• C. The sodium titanate nanorods obtained at this temperature had a thickness of about 80 nm and a length of 1 µm. The crystal structure of the sodium titanate was identified with the use of Na 2 Ti 5 O 11 . The nanorods were agglomerated at a temperature above 900• C, and large-scale nanorods formed on the Ti surface, which may be used for electrodes for energy conversion applications.

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“…The FG sample with a contact angle of 20°, is more hydrophilic than the others. Contact angle on a surface is defined by the Young equation and the shape of a drop resting on a surface depends on the material properties of the drop, the atmosphere surrounding it, and most importantly the surface [62]. The superhydrophilic behavior in FG and H20T samples could be attributed to the finer microstructure and less porous structure which promotes capillary effect [63].…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%