Comparison of Turkey’s Geographical Regions in terms of Stand-Alone PV System Design and Cost Parameters

Abstract

Stand-alone photovoltaic (SAPV) systems are widely used in rural areas where there is no national grid or as a precaution against power outages. In this study, technical and economic analysis of a SAPV system was carried out using meteorological data for 75 province centers in seven geographical regions of Turkey. Obtained results for each province center were separated by geographical area. The averages of the centers for each region are taken as output. A calculation algorithm based on MsExcel has been established for these operations. The analyses made with the developed algorithm are repeated for five different scenarios that they cover periods of time when a constant strong load is active for all seasons (winter, spring, summer, and autumn) and all year round. The developed algorithm calculates the life-cycle cost, the unit energy cost, the electrical capacity utilization rate, the amount of generated/excess energy per month, the initial investment/replacement, and operating and maintenance (O&M) costs of each element. As a result, geographical regions of Turkey are compared in terms of these outputs graphically. Further investigations may include the sale of excess energy generated, small-scale PV system cost factors parallel to the grid, and the effects of government incentives.

Grid-Tied Hybrid AC-DC Microgrid: Finding Optimal Number of Parallel-Connected AC-DC Bidirectional Interfacing Converters

“…In this paper, two separate reliability indices are used to analyze the HMG's reliability because of showing the importance of nonactive power on determining the optimal number of interfacing converters. e reliability index costs are obtained with multiplying the kWh cost ($/kWh) by the EES (kWh) and multiplying the kVAh cost ($/kVAh) by the EVAS (kVAh) [26]. e sum of two reliability index costs should be minimized as a single objective.…”