Comparison of two automated nucleic acid testing systems for simultaneous detection of human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus RNA and hepatitis B virus DNA

Margaritis, Angelo R.; Brown, Stewart M.; Seed, Clive R.; Kiely, Philip; D’Agostino, Bruno; Keller, A. J.

doi:10.1111/j.1537-2995.2007.01343.x

Cited by 62 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The latter was adopted in affluent countries in Mediterranean Europe and Poland as well as in Singapore, Hong Kong, Taiwan and Thailand in Eastern Asia or in South Africa [19,[26][27][28][29][30]. In less affluent areas, the debate remains open.…”

Section: Anti-hbc Testingmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Indeed, HBV DNA yield appears directly related not only to the analytical sensitivity and pool size of the HBV NAT assay, but also to the analytical sensitivity of the HBsAg used for screening and to the general HBV prevalence in the donor population. HBV NAT yields reported from countries with low, moderate, and high HBsAg prevalence range between 1:4000 and 1:730,000 [22,65,72,[74][75][76][77], 1:4000 and 1:20,300 [26,27,[78][79][80], and 1:192 and 1:5200 [8,10,19,[28][29][30]81], respectively. As studies conducted in different countries used different serological and NAT assays with variable pool sizes, and were performed in selected (repeat, first time, or anti-HBc-positive donors) or unselected populations of blood donors, comparison of results is difficult.…”

Section: Estimation Of Hbv Residual Transfusion Transmission Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Commercial assays based on PCR (Cobas TaqScreen multiplex test; Roche Molecular System) and on TMA (ProcleixÒ Ultrio TM Assay; Novartis/Chiron Blood Testing) showed specificity of 99.9% and 99.8%, and sensitivity of $8 IU/mL ($40 geq/mL) and $12 IU/mL ($60 geq/mL), respectively [4,28]. Such high sensitivity allows HBV NAT to significantly reduce the WP left by the most sensitive HBsAg tests.…”

Section: Hbv Nucleic Acid Testing (Nat)mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Transfusion-transmitted hepatitis B virus infection

Candotti

Allain

2009

Journal of Hepatology

191

158

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) remains a major risk of transfusion-transmitted infection due to the pre-seroconversion window period (WP), infection with immunovariant viruses, and with occult carriage of HBV infection (OBI). Reduction of HBV residual risk depends upon developing more sensitive HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) tests, adopting anti-HBc screening when appropriate, and implementing HBV nucleic acid testing (NAT), either in minipools or more efficiently in individual samples. HBV NAT combines the ability to significantly reduce the window period and to detect occult HBV carriage substantiating decades of clinical observation that HBsAg-negative/anti-HBc-positive blood could transmit HBV. Clinical observations suggest limited transmission rate of occult HBV compared to WP. Low transmission rate might be related to low viral load observed in OBIs or to the presence of mutants associated with occult carriage. OBIs carrying detectable anti-HBs ( approximately 50%) are essentially not infectious by transfusion. However, recent data suggest that the neutralizing capacity of low anti-HBs may be inefficient when overcome by exposure to high viral load. Anti-HBc blood units without detectable anti-HBs appear moderately infectious except in immunocompromised recipients. Immunodeficient elderly and patients receiving immunosuppressive treatments may be susceptible to infection with lower infectious dose even in the presence of anti-HBs. The immune status of blood recipients should be taken into consideration when investigating "post-transfusion" HBV infection. Pre-transfusion testing and post-transfusion long-term follow-up of recipients, and molecular analysis of the virus infecting both donor and recipient are critical to definitively incriminate transfusion in the transmission of HBV.

show abstract

Section: Anti-hbc Testingmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Estimation Of Hbv Residual Transfusion Transmission Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hbv Nucleic Acid Testing (Nat)mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Transfusion-transmitted hepatitis B virus infection

Candotti

Allain

2009

Journal of Hepatology

191

158

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In blood banks, NAT is usually based on transcription-mediated amplification (TMA) or a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) that allows the simultaneous detection of HIV-1/2 RNA, HCV RNA, and HBV DNA on individual samples (ID-NAT) even though it is quite expensive. To limit costs, NAT screening was done with pooled samples of 6-50 blood donations that, if reactive, are further tested to identify the reactive sample [55][56][57][58][59]. Some assays have been specifically designed to provide the amplification of the viral genome and the identification of reactive samples in only one step [60,61].…”

Section: Detection Of Occult Hepatitis B Infections In Blood Donorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occult Hepatitis Infection in Transfusion Medicine: Screening Policy and Assessment of Current Use of Anti-HBc Testing

Esposito

Sabia

Iannone

et al. 2017

Transfus Med Hemother

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

HBV still represents a global risk factor in transfusion medicine. The residual risk of HBV is not limited to pre-seroconversion window period but it extends to donors with occult HBV infection (OBI) characterized by the presence of HBV DNA in liver and by the absence of the virus surface antigen. Each country developed an appropriate blood screening policy according to local HBV prevalence, yields of infectious units per different screening methods and cost-effectiveness. We underline the need of maintaining a high level of attention for OBI carrier identification in all blood banks worldwide where the screening procedures are generally based on a combination of both serological markers and nucleic acid amplification test. In this context, markers such as hepatitis B surface antibodies and hepatitis B core antibodies (anti-HBc) might be useful, although the use of this latter is highly debated and still controversial. Our aim is to give an overview on the relevant diagnostic approaches for the routine screening for HBV focusing on the feasibility of anti-HBc testing as precautionary measure in preventing OBI transmission worldwide. In our tailored algorithm, the loss of about 1% of ‘anti-HBc only' donors, does not significantly affect the blood supply while improving recipient safety.

show abstract

“…Subsequently several CE-marked NAT screening assays have become available, the most recent versions designed for screening of small pool sizes or even individual donations. 8,9 In 2008 we performed a survey to get an overview of the "NAT yield" obtained in Germany since the introduction of these new screening tests. "NAT yield" means any donation (whole blood or apheresis) that tested negative in serologic screening but repeatedly showed NATpositive results and would have been released for transfusion without NAT.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%