Comparison of Two Doses of Ropivacaine Hydrochloride for Lumbosacral Epidural Anaesthesia in Goats Undergoing Laparoscopy Assisted Embryo Transfer

Abstract

Goats (n = 12) undergoing laparoscopy assisted embryo transfer were randomly allotted to two groups (I and II) and injected same volume of ropivacaine hydrochloride at 1.0 mg/kg and 0.5 mg/kg body weight, respectively, at the lumbosacral epidural space. The hind quarters of all the animals were lifted up for the first 3.0 minutes following injection. Immediately after induction the animals were restrained in dorsal recumbency in Trendelenburg position in a cradle. Laparoscopy was performed after achieving pneumoperitoneum using filtered room air. Regional analgesia and changes in physiological parameters were recorded. The mean induction time in animals of group I (n = 6) was 12.666 ± 1.994 minutes. In these animals the analgesia extended up to the umbilical region and lasted for 60 minutes. Only two animals in group II were satisfactorily induced in 11.333 ± 2.333 minutes. In animals of group I, the time taken for regaining the full motor power was significantly long (405 ± 46.314 min) when compared to group II goats (95 ± 9.219 min). From this study it was concluded that ropivacaine did not produce adequate analgesia in most of the goats at 0.5 mg/kg. When used at 1.0 mg/kg, it produced satisfactory regional analgesia lasting for one hour but the prolonged motor loss precludes its use. Additional studies using ropivacaine hydrochloride at doses in between the two extremes used here may be undertaken before recommending it for lumbosacral anaesthesia in goats undergoing laparoscopy.

Comparative evaluation of ropivacaine, ropivacaine- dexmedetomidine and ropivacaine – clonidine combinations for epidural analgesia in cattle

“…A significant increase in RR following epidural administration of ropivacaine was observed in cattle (Araujo et al 2012). This is in contrary with the findings of Singh et al (2005) in caprine, Amarpal et al (2007) in buffalo calves and Khajuria et al (2014) in goats, who noticed non significant change in RR during epidural ropivacaine analgesia. Group II animals showed a non significant fall up to 30 minutes reaching a minimum of 19.50 ± 2.99.…”

Lumbosacral injection of lidocaine, detomidine and lidocaine–detomidine in goats: anti-nociceptive effects and changes on haematobiochemical parameters

“…The mechanism of action of the local anaesthetics is not specific to the sensory tracts and therefore, undesired effects such as motor paralysis are common side effects (Skarda 2007). Lidocaine is most commonly used as a local anaesthetic drug in small ruminants to induce epidural anaesthesia (Khajuria et al 2014). Because of Table 2.…”

Successful laparoscope-assisted orchiectomy in three cryptorchid sheep

“…In this trial, the sedated animals were satisfactorily induced regional lumbosacral epidural anaesthesia. Laparoscope assisted embryo transfer has been conducted under lumbosacral epidural anaesthesia using lignocaine hydrochloride and ropivacaine hydrochloride in goats ( Khajuria et al., 2014b , Khajuria et al., 2014a ). Although laparoscopic orchiectomy has been performed in a goat using xylazine-ketamine for induction and isoflurane for maintenance ( Rutherford, 2009 ) but general anaesthesia is not only expensive but also accompanied by several complications particularly in food animals ( Clarke et al., 2014 ).…”

“…The laparoscope (5.0 mm, 0°) employed routinely for assisted reproductive technologies in sheep and goats ( Fazili et al., 2015 ; Khajuria et al., 2014a , b) was satisfactorily used in these animals. Larger (12.0 mm, 35°) laparoscopes were used in a kid ( Rutherford, 2009 ) and cattle (10.0 mm, 0°) for this purpose ( Kaneko et al., 2015 ).…”