“…Dong, Zou, Yang, Yu, and Roach (2009) used DEM to study the growth of cake formation during the filtration process. Furthermore, considering that both CFD and DEM had their own advantages, researchers combined them together to study the twophase flow under different conditions (Liu, Su, Qian, Cui, & Liu, 2018;Ma, Wei, Pei, Zhu, & Xu, 2018;Mahmoodi, Hosseini, & Ahmadi, 2018). Riefler, Ulrich, Morshäuser, and Fritsching (2018) studied particle penetration in fiber filters by using coupled DEM-CFD simulation.…”