Comparison of two immunofluorescence tests for detecting antibodies to C. trachomatis

Forsey, T.; Stainsby, Karen; Höger, P.; Ridgway, G L; Darougar, S; Fischer-Brugge, U.

doi:10.1007/bf00157029

Cited by 23 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Other methods of determining the presence of chlamydial antibodies are the whole inclusion immunofluorescent (WIIF) (78,145,146) and the whole inclusion immunoperoxidase (25) (46). In addition, this study confirmed others that have shown TWAR antibodies in a large proportion of the general adult population.…”

Section: Serologic Methodssupporting

confidence: 78%

Laboratory diagnosis of human chlamydial infections

Barnes

1989

Clin Microbiol Rev

167

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Chlamydia trachomatis is a human pathogen that causes ocular disease (trachoma and inclusion conjunctivitis), genital disease (cervicitis, urethritis, salpingitis, and lymphogranuloma venereum), and respiratory disease (infant pneumonitis). Respiratory chlamydioses also occur with infection by avian strains of C. psittaci or infection by the newly described TWAR agent. Diagnosis of most acute C. trachomatis infections relies on detection of the infecting agent by cell culture, fluorescent antibody, immunoassay, cytopathologic, or nucleic acid hybridization methods. Individual non-culture tests for C. trachomatis are less sensitive and specific than the best chlamydial cell culture system but offer the advantages of reduced technology and simple transport of clinical specimens. Currently available nonculture tests for C. trachomatis perform adequately as screening tests in populations in which the prevalence of infection is greater than 10%. A negative culture or nonculture test for C. trachomatis does not, however, exclude infection. The predictive value of a positive nonculture test may be unsatisfactory when populations of low infection prevalence are tested. Tests that detect antibody responses to chlamydial infection have limited utility in diagnosis of acute chlamydial infection because of the high prevalence of persistent antibody in healthy adults and the cross-reactivity due to infection by the highly prevalent C. trachomatis and TWAR agents. Assays for changes in antibody titer to the chlamydial genus antigen are used for the diagnosis of respiratory chlamydioses. A single serum sample that is negative for chlamydial antibody excludes the diagnosis of lymphogranuloma venereum.

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Section: Serologic Methodssupporting

confidence: 78%

Laboratory diagnosis of human chlamydial infections

Barnes

1989

Clin Microbiol Rev

167

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“…However, because of the presence of genusspecific antigens in chlamydial EBs, cross-reaction with antibodies to other Chlamydia species is not unexpected. This is particularly significant in view of recent reports of the high prevalence of antibodies to C. pneumoniae (5,8,9,34). When assays that detect antibodies to genus-specific antigens are used (9), detection of C. pneumoniae-specific antibodies could lead to overestimation of the prevalence of C. trachomatis infections.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Recent studies suggest that a group of atypical Chlamydia strains known as TWAR (15,21), which have been proposed to represent a new species called C. pneumoniae (10), may be a frequent cause of acute respiratory disease (11,14,22,26). Serologic studies using the microimmunofluorescence test (MIF) have demonstrated a high frequency of antibodies to C. pneumoniae strains in humans (5,8,9,34). Because of the high prevalence of antibodies to both C. trachomatis and C. pneumoniae in healthy adults (8,34), screening tests for chlamydial seroprevalence must distinguish between C. trachomatis and C. pneumoniae exposure.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of the high prevalence of antibodies to both C. trachomatis and C. pneumoniae in healthy adults (8,34), screening tests for chlamydial seroprevalence must distinguish between C. trachomatis and C. pneumoniae exposure. The MIF test differentiates between antibodies to C. pneumoniae and antibodies to C. trachomatis strains (9,34). This test is tedious and time-consuming and is therefore not suitable for processing large numbers of samples.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Enzyme immunoassay to determine exposure to Chlamydia pneumoniae (strain TWAR)

et al. 1989

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Recent studies suggest that a group of Chlamydia strains known as TWAR, which are now proposed to be a new species called Chlamydia pneumoniae, may be a frequent cause of respiratory disease in the United States and many other countries. Current serotesting methods do not allow rapid screening of large numbers of samples to distinguish C. trachomatis exposure from C. pneumoniae exposure. We developed an enzyme immunoassay to decrease cross-reactivity between immunoglobulin G antibodies reactive with C. trachomatis and C. pneumoniae. Elementary bodies of C. trachomats or C. pneumoniae were treated with a detergentchelating solution to decrease the reactivity of the common lipopolysaccharide antigens. Sera from four groups of patients, totaling 143 persons, were tested by this assay. The prevalences of titers of .128 to C. trachomatis and C. pneumoniae, respectively, were as follows: (i) for 23 women seropositive for C. trachomatis by the microimmunofluorescence test, 21 (91%) and 18 (78%); (il) for 50 adult blood donors, 13 (26%) and 39 (78%);

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“…The high prevalence of IgG antibody to chlamydia at low titer (_>16) in control women (58%) is probably due to the fact than in the IPA test C. trachomatis (Lz) infected cells are used as antigen. The serological tests based on antibody determination of chlamydial inclusion in infected cells are highly sensitive but had b r o a d reactivity to chlamydial infections including those in other than genitourinary sites (7). The geometric mean titer (GMT) of chlamydial IgG antibodies was significantly higher (p<0.001) in the !gG seropositive infertile women as compared with the IgG seropositive controls (224 vs. 67).…”

Section: Correlation Of Tubal Infertility and Prevalence Ofmentioning

confidence: 98%

Chlamydia specific IgG and IgA antibodies in women with obstructive infertility as determined by immunoblotting and assays

et al. 1988

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The prevalence rate of IgG and IgA antibodies to Chlamydia was analyzed in 50 women with laparoscopy-verified tubal infertility and in 50 age-matched control women by single serovar (L2) inclusion immunoperoxidase assay (IPA) and by immunoblotting technique (IB). Women with tubal infertility had significantly (p less than 0.001) elevated IPA Chlamydia IgG antibody titer greater than or equal to 128 and greater than or equal to 256 than controls (64% vs 16%. Odds ratios = 9.3 and 50% vs 10%, Odds ratio = 9 respectively). The prevalence rate of IPA IgA antibody titer (greater than or equal to 16) to Chlamydia was also significantly higher (p less than 0.001) in women with tubal infertility than controls (48% vs 8%, Odds ratio = 10.6). Antibodies to at least 19 chlamydial structural polypeptides ranging in molecular weight from 30 kD to 204 kD, were detected by the IB technique in the IPA seropositive sera. Antibodies to 57-60 kD were detectable in almost all the IPA IgG and IgA seropositive sera. The prevalence rate of IgG antibody to 57 kD-60 kD was significantly higher in women with obstructive infertility than healthy woman (84% vs. 56% p less than 0.01; Odds ratio = 3.8). More significantly, higher differences to 57-60 kD polypeptide were found in the case of IgA between the infertile women and controls (52% vs. 10%, p less than 0.001; Odds ratio = 9.7). The significance of IPA and IB technique for screening of infertile women is discussed.

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Comparison of two immunofluorescence tests for detecting antibodies to C. trachomatis

Cited by 23 publications

References 7 publications

Laboratory diagnosis of human chlamydial infections

Laboratory diagnosis of human chlamydial infections

Enzyme immunoassay to determine exposure to Chlamydia pneumoniae (strain TWAR)

Chlamydia specific IgG and IgA antibodies in women with obstructive infertility as determined by immunoblotting and assays

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