Comparison of urine toxic metals concentrations in athletes and in sedentary subjects living in the same area of Extremadura (Spain)

Llerena, Francisco; Maynar, M.; Barrientos, Gema; Palomo, Rosario; Robles, M.C.; Caballero, M. J.

doi:10.1007/s00421-011-2276-6

Cited by 24 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Previous studies in subjects exposed to Pb, reported decreases in blood Pb after aerobic training [32]. In urine, similar results were obtained previously [17]. This could indicate, as in the case of Cd, a natural strategy (physical activity) to reduce the Pb levels in the body, especially in industrialized areas or big cities, due to the high amounts of this mineral in the air.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Furthermore, previous studies found a significant increase in Cd excretion after an exercise until exhaustion [19], and a higher urinary concentration in athletes with respect to the control group [17]. In this respect, major excretion could be expected after 6 months of physical training, but no time effect was observed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…Previous studies have reported lower concentrations of Cd and Pb in high level Spanish athletes than recreational ones [ 16 ]. Later, Llerena et al (2012) found a higher urinary excretion of Cd and another toxic elements in athletes with a high level of training than sedentary people [ 17 ]. Recently, Maynar-Mariño et al (2018) have observed that serum concentrations of potentially toxic metals could be different, depending on the type of physical activity [ 18 ]..…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Serum and urinary concentrations of arsenic, beryllium, cadmium and lead after an aerobic training period of six months in aerobic athletes and sedentary people

Muñoz

Grijota

Bartolomé

et al. 2020

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

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Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the possible effect of a period of 6 months of aerobic physical training on serum and urinary concentrations of arsenic (As), beryllium (Be), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb), potentially toxic minerals. Methods: Twenty-four well-trained, long distance runners (AG), were recruited at the start of their training period. They had been performing training regularly for the previous 2 years, recording an average volume of 120 km per week of rigorous aerobic exercise aimed at high-level competitions (1500 and 5000 m race modalities). Twenty-six untrained, sedentary participants constituted the control group (CG). All participants had been living in the same geographic area for at least 2 years before the start of the survey. Serum and urine samples were obtained from each participant at the beginning and at the end of the 6 months of the training program. The values of each mineral were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Additionally, the daily intake of each mineral was evaluated at both moments in time. Results: The daily concentrations of trace elements in the diet were similar at the start and the end of the training period without differences between groups. In serum, significant differences between groups were observed in As, Cd and Pb (p < 0.05). Attending to time effects, a significant difference was obtained in Pb (p < 0.05). In urine, significant differences between groups were obtained in all minerals (p < 0.05). According to training period, significant differences were observed in As, Be and Pb (p < 0.05). Finally, the group x time interaction revealed significant differences in As and Be (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Aerobic training may constitute a possibly effective method for increasing the elimination of Cd and Pb potentially toxic minerals from the body, especially among highly trained individuals.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Serum and urinary concentrations of arsenic, beryllium, cadmium and lead after an aerobic training period of six months in aerobic athletes and sedentary people

Muñoz

Grijota

Bartolomé

et al. 2020

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

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“…Recent data have shown that exposure to Cd leads to an increase in plasma levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) [60], a hormone secreted by the pituitary gland that controls the release of C in the adrenal gland [61]. Pérez-Cadahía et al [62] reported positive relationships between C and Cd, that indicate that this mineral could have an implication with the catabolic processes that occur in the body, so the runner's body attempts to eliminate Cd although its concentrations are normal in order to avoid this negative effect [63]. Future studies are required to clarify this point.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlations between Basal Trace Minerals and Hormones in Middle and Long-Distance High-Level Male Runners

Alvés

Barrientos

Toro

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Several essential trace minerals play an important role in the endocrine system; however, toxic trace minerals have a disruptive effect. The aim of this research was to determine basal concentrations and the possible correlations between trace minerals in plasma and several plasma hormones in runners. Sixty high-level male endurance runners (21 ± 3 years; 1.77 ± 0.05 m; 64.97 ± 7.36 kg) participated in the present study. Plasma hormones were analyzed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and plasma trace minerals were analyzed with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Correlations and simple linear regression were used to assess the association between trace minerals and hormones. Plasma testosterone concentrations were inversely correlated with manganese (r = −0.543; β = −0.410; p < 0.01), selenium (r = −0.292; β = −0.024; p < 0.05), vanadium (r = −0.406; β = −1.278; p < 0.01), arsenic (r = −0.336; β = −0.142; p < 0.05), and lead (r = −0.385; β = −0.418; p < 0.01). Plasma luteinizing hormone (LH) levels were positively correlated with arsenic (r = 0.298; β = 0.327; p < 0.05) and cesium (r = 0.305; β = 2.272; p < 0.05), and negatively correlated with vanadium (r = −0.303; β = −2.467; p < 0.05). Moreover, cortisol concentrations showed significant positive correlations with cadmium (r = 0.291; β = 209.01; p < 0.05). Finally, insulin concentrations were inversely related to vanadium (r = −0.359; β = −3.982; p < 0.05). In conclusion, endurance runners living in areas with high environmental levels of toxic minerals should check their concentrations of anabolic hormones.

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“…Urinary tungsten in 21 athletes was reported to be 82 ± 53 μg/g-creatinine whereas levels in 26 sedentary subjects were below the limit of detection ( Llerena et al 2012 ). Another investigation examined the possible relationship between metals in children and severity of autism.…”

Section: Toxicological Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

An update to the toxicological profile for water-soluble and sparingly soluble tungsten substances

Lemus¹,

Venezia

2015

Critical Reviews in Toxicology

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Tungsten is a relatively rare metal with numerous applications, most notably in machine tools, catalysts, and superalloys. In 2003, tungsten was nominated for study under the National Toxicology Program, and in 2011, it was nominated for human health assessment under the US Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Integrated Risk Information System. In 2005, the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) issued a toxicological profile for tungsten, identifying several data gaps in the hazard assessment of tungsten. By filling the data gaps identified by the ATSDR, this review serves as an update to the toxicological profile for tungsten and tungsten substances. A PubMed literature search was conducted to identify reports published during the period 2004–2014, in order to gather relevant information related to tungsten toxicity. Additional information was also obtained directly from unpublished studies from within the tungsten industry. A systematic approach to evaluate the quality of data was conducted according to published criteria. This comprehensive review has gathered new toxicokinetic information and summarizes the details of acute and repeated-exposure studies that include reproductive, developmental, neurotoxicological, and immunotoxicological endpoints. Such new evidence involves several relevant studies that must be considered when regulators estimate and propose a tungsten reference or concentration dose.

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Comparison of urine toxic metals concentrations in athletes and in sedentary subjects living in the same area of Extremadura (Spain)

Cited by 24 publications

References 26 publications

Serum and urinary concentrations of arsenic, beryllium, cadmium and lead after an aerobic training period of six months in aerobic athletes and sedentary people

Serum and urinary concentrations of arsenic, beryllium, cadmium and lead after an aerobic training period of six months in aerobic athletes and sedentary people

Correlations between Basal Trace Minerals and Hormones in Middle and Long-Distance High-Level Male Runners

An update to the toxicological profile for water-soluble and sparingly soluble tungsten substances

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