Comparison of Validity between WST-1 and MTT Test in Bioceramic Materials

Abstract

Cytotoxicity test was essential for the pre-clinical evaluation of bioceramics. Proliferation assays such as MTT, XTT and WST-1 were commonly used for measuring biocompatibility. WST-1 was more convenient than MTT because of its water-solubility and storage condition. The calcium phosphate glass and β-TCP have been used for bone substitute, and some magnetic ferrites have been used for hyperthermic treatment. L929, mouse fibroblast cell, was the representative cell-line for in vitro biocompatibility test. The extracts of test samples were prepared by ISO10993-12:2002. The biocompatibilities of the extracts were measured by MTT and WST-1 assay and their pH were measured with pH meter. The cellular survival rate of CPG was the lowest and the results of the WST-1 test showed results similar to those of the MTT test. Thus, proliferation assays using WST-1 may be conveniently and routinely applicable to pre-clinical evaluation of bioceramics.

Comprehensive In Vitro Testing of Calcium Phosphate-Based Bioceramics with Orthopedic and Dentistry Applications

“…Colorimetric viability tests using formazan salts (MTT, MTS, 2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide (XTT), and Cell Counting Kit-8 (WST-8)) are based on the fact that mitochondrial activity and cell viability are correlated. Most common formazan salts used to assess cell viability are MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide), MTS (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium), XTT (2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide), WST-1, and WST-8 reagents [56,57,58,59,60]. The MTT/MTS test is widely used to assess the biocompatibility of CaPs [52,61,62,63].…”