Comparison of vitamin D, calcium and phosphorus values of essential hypertensive, preeclamptic and normotensive pregnant women

Abstract

Abstract
 Objective: The aim of this study is; to examine the levels of 25 hydroxy vitamin D (25-OH D), calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) in preeclamptic, essential hypertensive and normotensive pregnant groups.
 Material and Method: A total of 120 pregnant women who came to our clinic for delivery between 35 and 40 weeks of gestation between April 2017 and November 2017 were included in the study. The study group consisted of 40 preeclamptic (n = 40) and 40 essential hypertensive (n = 40), and the control group consisted of 40 normotensive pregnant women (n = 40). The demographic, obstetric and laboratory results of the three groups were compared in terms of 25-OH D levels, calcium and phosphorus levels.
 Results: Maternal age, BMI and proteinuria were significantly lower in the preeclamptic and essential hypertensive group compared to the control group (p <0.05). Week of gestation was observed to be earlier in the preeclamptic group compared to the other two groups (p <0.05). The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure of the preeclamptic and essential hypertensive groups were found to be statistically significantly higher than the control group (p <0.05). No statistically significant difference was found between the groups in terms of transaminase. It was found that creatinine in the control group was statistically lower than the average creatinine level in the other two groups (p <0.001). The Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) average of the control group was statistically significantly lower than the average of the other two groups (p = 0.001). Phosphorus levels were significantly higher in preeclamptic and essential hypertensive pregnant women compared to normotensive pregnant women (p<0.05). However, no statistically significant difference was found between calcium and 25-OH D levels in all three groups.
 Conclusion: Low phosphorus level is likely to play a role in the etiology of essential hypertension and preeclampsia. The effects of maternal vitamin D and calcium level on the development of preeclampsia are uncertain, but more extensive research is required on potential positive effects.