Comparison of vitamin D levels in diabetes mellitus patients with and without diabetic foot ulcers: An analytical observational study in Jakarta, Indonesia

Abstract

Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a form of chronic wound which becomes a serious complication in diabetes mellitus (DM). Recently, the role of vitamin D on T cell-mediated immunity, pancreatic insulin secretion, and its mechanism on cell growth and healing processes have been reported. This study aims to compare the vitamin D level of DM patients with DFU and without DFU to assess the duration and severity of DFU and its correlation with vitamin D levels. The sociodemographic characteristics and DFU duration were documented.The severity was examined in accordance with PEDIS classification. 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) was analysed using in-vitro chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA). Statistical analysis was performed and the P-value <.05 was considered as statistically significant. The vitamin D levels in DM patients with and without DFU were 8.90 ng/mL (6.52-10.90) and 16.25 ng/mL (13-19.59), respectively, with P < .001. There was no correlation between the duration of DFU and DFU severity by PEDIS score with vitamin D levels.Vitamin D levels in DM patients with DFU are lower than those in patients without DFU. However, there was insufficient evidence to conclude that there is no correlation between the DFU duration and DFU severity by PEDIS score with vitamin D levels.

The relationship between vitamin D deficiency and diabetic foot ulcer: A meta‐analysis

“…15 publications from a total of 1765 connected investigations that were examined that met the inclusion criteria and were published between 2013 and 2023 were chosen and included in the investigation. [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] The results of these researches are presented in Table 2. 2648 individuals with DM were in the chosen investigations' starting point, 1413 of them were with DFUs, and 1235 were without DFUs.…”

“…15 publications from a total of 1765 connected investigations that were examined that met the inclusion criteria and were published between 2013 and 2023 were chosen and included in the investigation 12‐26 . The results of these researches are presented in Table 2.…”

“…In investigations that were considered for the metaanalysis, 2648 individuals with DM were in the chosen investigations' starting point, 1413 of them were with DFU, and 1235 were without DFU. [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] Individuals with DFU had significantly lower VDL compared to those without DFU individuals. Individuals with DFUs had a significantly higher number of VDD individuals compared to those without DFUs individuals.…”

“…In investigations that were considered for the meta‐analysis, 2648 individuals with DM were in the chosen investigations' starting point, 1413 of them were with DFU, and 1235 were without DFU 12‐26 . Individuals with DFU had significantly lower VDL compared to those without DFU individuals.…”

The usefulness of platelet‐rich plasma to manage skin wounds: A meta‐analysis

“…22 publications from a total of 1349 connected investigations that were examined that met the inclusion criteria and were published between 2008 and 2022 were chosen and included in the investigation. [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] The results of these researches are presented in Table 2. 6707 animals' SWs were in the chosen investigations' starting point, 3348 of them were treated with PRP, and 2259 were control.…”