Comparison the cytotoxic effects of Ulva fasciata and Ulva lactuca on the MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231breast cancer cell lines

Abstract

Introduction: Marine seaweeds has received increased attention in the protection or treatment of cancer, because of their bioactive compounds. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the anticancer capacity of two green seaweeds, Ulva fasciata and Ulva lactuca. Methods: The phenolic and flavonoid content of the hydro-methanolic extracts was measured, respectively by Folin-Ciocateu and aluminum chloride methods. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was evaluated by FRAP and DPPH assay and were compared to ascorbic acid. Cytotoxic effect of the extracts on the MCF-7 (ER + ) and MDA-MB-231 (ER -) breast cancer cell lines was also evaluated by MTT assay after 48 and 72 hours of incubation. Results:The phenolic and flavonoid content of Ulva fasciata was respectively 14.92±1.38 µgGAE/mg and 72.15±15.4 µgQE/mg which was significantly higher than Ulva lactuca. The reducing power and radical scavenging activity of Ulva fasciata was also higher. The cytotoxic effects of Ulva fasciata on the MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines was more than Ulva lactuca, in concentration and time dependent manner. The cytotoxic effects of the both seaweeds were more potent on the MDA-MB-231 compared to the MCF-7 cell line and indicated an estrogen and progesterone receptor independent manner of cellular growth inhibition. Conclusion: It is appeared that the Ulva fasciata extract was a better drug candidate in treatment of triple negative breast cancer due to higher antioxidant activity, phenolic and flavonoid content. Further studies in fractionation and bioactive extraction of Ulva fasciata are recommended.

Phytochemical and Cytotoxic Properties of Gum and Leaf Extracts of Ferula assafoetida in Breast Cancer

“…T h e c e l l s w e r e t h e n t r e a t e d with varying concentrations of FAGE and FALE (25-200 µg/mL). The MTT assay procedure followed that of a previous study (16)(17)(18). The results are reported as percentages of cell viability.…”

Cytotoxic effects of Trachyspermum ammi and Ferula assafoetida on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-468 breast cancer cell lines

“…Gallic acid was used as standard, and phenolic content of the essential oils was reported in microgram gallic acid equivalent (GAE) per milligram (µgGAE/mg). For the evaluation of flavonoid content of TAEO and FAEO, the aluminum chloride method was also used according to the previous study [7]. Quercetin was used as standard, and the flavonoid content of the essential oils was reported in microgram quercetin equivalent (QE) per milligram (µgQE/mg).…”

“…The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) clearance assay was used for the evaluation of total radical scavenging capacity of TAEO and FAEO according to the previous study in the different concentrations of 100, 500, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, and 5000 ppm [7].…”

“…Two invasive human breast ductal carcinoma cell lines, MDA-MB-468 (triple-negative) and MCF-7, were purchased from the national cell bank of Iranian Pasteur Institute. The cell lines were cultured in DMEM and seeded in the 96-well plate for evaluation of cytotoxic effects (10,000 cells per well) and morphological changes [7].…”

“…MTT colorimetric assay was used to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of TAEO and FAEO according to previous study [7]. The cultured 96-well plates were treated with different concentrations of 100, 200, and 400 ppm of the essential oils based on the anticancer compounds classification criteria [9,10].…”