Comparisons between 25 reversible and ambiguous figures on measures of latency, duration, and fluctuation

Lindauer, Martin S.; Baust, Roger F.

doi:10.3758/bf03200275

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Other variables tual research favors a combination of fatigue and information-processing approaches (Phillipson influencing the perception of bistable stimuli have been proposed, including the duration of the first and Harris, 1984). This can be further extended with the inclusion of non-linear dynamical models percept prior to fluctuation or the latency in organizing the first percept (Lindauer and Baust, 1974).…”

Section: All Subjects Displayed Phase Transitions In Fingermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This finding is further also was able to predict the relationship between group means of first perceived alternative percept complicated by the finding that viewing perspective was related to dosage of medication, which would and the individual mean duration of a given percept which is consistent with the empirical literaalso be related to severity and/or duration of the disorder. Thus, further research would not only ture (Leeper, 1935;Lindauer and Baust, 1974). Furthermore, chaos or non-linear approaches have want to take these factors into consideration, but also include a variety of perceptual stimuli which been shown to provide a useful framework for the study of other aspects of schizophrenia as well.…”

Section: All Subjects Displayed Phase Transitions In Fingermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamical aspects of motor and perceptual processes in schizophrenic patients and healthy controls

Keil

Elbert

Rockstroh

et al. 1998

Schizophrenia Research

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The present study examined the temporal stationarity of the performance of 16 schizophrenic patients and 16 controls matched for age and sex in a bimanual coordination task and a perceptual task. In the motor task, rhythmic finger oscillations (alternating activity of homologue muscle groups) at increasing speed levels resulted in two measures, the preferred oscillation frequency and the critical frequency at which phase transitions (change towards simultaneous activity of homologue muscle groups) occurred. A measure of local dimensional complexity (pointwise D2 or PD2), which is a measure of non-linear dynamics, was determined for the acceleration profiles of the subjects' movements. Schizophrenics exhibited less stable movement dynamics than controls in horizontal finger cycling, indicated by a lower ratio critical/preferred frequency (critical ratio) and by higher means and standard deviations of the pointwise D2. In vertical cycling, the critical ratio did not differentiate between groups, while PD2 means and standard deviations did. Groups also differed specifically in perception of two ambiguous figures (Schroeder stairs and Rubin vase). Schizophrenics showed significantly higher reversal rates for the Rubin vase and a differential perceptive in comparison to controls in the perception of the Schroeder stairs. Measures of perceptual and motor stability were unrelated, which suggests that perceptual and motor processes are not influenced by a common underlying mechanism.

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Section: All Subjects Displayed Phase Transitions In Fingermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: All Subjects Displayed Phase Transitions In Fingermentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamical aspects of motor and perceptual processes in schizophrenic patients and healthy controls

Keil

Elbert

Rockstroh

et al. 1998

Schizophrenia Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These structural distinctions, along with expectancy, may help account for the ease or difficulty with which the alternate shapes of different stimuli were seen (Lindauer & Baust, 1974).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expectation and satiation accounts of ambiguous figure-ground perception

Lindauer

1989

Bull. Psychon. Soc.

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An expectancy account of figure-ground shifts, promoted as an alternative to satiation theory, was tested. One-hundred and three subjects in six conditions (Experiment 1) were either informed or uninformed about 12 to 13 ambiguous figures, and had either unlimited time or 30 sec in which to respond. In two of the conditions, head and eye movements were restricted, and in one condition, incidental learning was used. In keeping with an expectancy view, uninformed subjects saw fewer meaningful shapes than informed subjects did, and restricted eye/head movements played no role. However, in accord with a satiation view, most figures did shift for many subjects. Unexpected for both accounts, inspection time was not a factor. In Experiment 2, 59 uninformed subjects saw two ambiguous figures whose alternative shapes were physically emphasized in order to increase both attention and satiation. Contrary to satiation expectations, but supporting an expectancy position, subjects saw one shape as often as two. The applicability of inherent stimulus factors to figure-ground perception was discussed.

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“…Thirteen ambiguous figures were taken from various sources (Lindauer, 1973;Lindauer & Baust, 1974). They included, for example, the wife/mother-in-law figure, a pirate/rabbit, a dove/hawk; the Rubin face-vase was used as a sample training stimulus.…”

Section: The Pretestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the case of figure-ground perception-in which there are shifts in ambiguous and reversible stimuli (such as the Rubin face-vase and the Necker cube; Lindauer, 1973;Lindauer & Baust, 1974)-the flexibility of creative individuals enables them to see more of the possibilities implied or suggested by an object. Hence, they should be more responsive to figureground fluctuation.…”

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confidence: 99%

A failure to find an effect of perceptual set on creativity

Lindauer

1990

Bull. Psychon. Soc.

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The effect of a perceptual set on creativity was tested. Subjects in 16 groups (N = 348) were exposed to one of four pretest conditions. One group received practice on the physiognomic perception test, previously shown to be one of the most successful correlates of creativity; another group was exposed to one of the least successful perceptual measures, figure-ground; and in two control conditions, subjects received either a verbal or no pretest. The effects of these pretests were measured by four unusual uses tests of creativity. These measure the number of ideas generated (fluidity) and their unusualness (divergent thinking). None of the pretests, including the perceptual tasks, affected any of the creativity scores. The implications of these null findings, including future directions for research, are discussed.

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Comparisons between 25 reversible and ambiguous figures on measures of latency, duration, and fluctuation

Cited by 10 publications

References 16 publications

Dynamical aspects of motor and perceptual processes in schizophrenic patients and healthy controls

Dynamical aspects of motor and perceptual processes in schizophrenic patients and healthy controls

Expectation and satiation accounts of ambiguous figure-ground perception

A failure to find an effect of perceptual set on creativity

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