Comparisons Between Simulated and Measured X-band Signatures of Quad-, Hexa- and Octocopters

Speirs, Peter J.; Schröder, Arne; Renker, Matthias; Wellig, Peter; Murk, Axel

doi:10.23919/eurad.2018.8546612

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…To verify the proposed method, the monostatic dynamic RCSs of rotating propellers were calculated and compared with the results obtained from a commercial EM tool. First, the radar operating frequency and pulse repetition frequency were set to 9.65 GHz and 20 kHz, respectively, in reference to existing radar specifications [12][13][14]. Next, we choose DJI's Mavic2 [15], which is one of the most popular drones, as the simulation drone model.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic RCS Estimation according to Drone Movement Using the MoM and Far-Field Approximation

Lee

Seo

2021

J Electromagn Eng Sci

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Micro-Doppler signatures from the rotating propellers of a drone can be utilized to distinguish the drone from clutter or airborne organisms with similar radar cross section (RCS) levels, such as birds and bats. To obtain the micro-Doppler signatures of a drone, calculation or measurement of the electric field scattered from the rotating propellers is essential. In this paper, using the relative angle concept and far-field approximation, we propose a way to rapidly estimate the dynamic RCS of a drone with several propellers according to its movement. In addition, based on the fact that the shape of the propeller does not change even if it rotates, we construct an impedance matrix only once and apply the matrix to the method of moments instead of the iterative process of calculating the impedance matrix and inverse matrix for each rotation angle of the propeller. Finally, by using the Fourier transform of the results from the proposed method, the rotation frequencies of the propellers according to the movement of the drone can be obtained.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic RCS Estimation according to Drone Movement Using the MoM and Far-Field Approximation

Lee

Seo

2021

J Electromagn Eng Sci

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“…where most symbols and variables are defined the same as in Eq. (2). In this equation dz p,b,w , l p,b,w and θ p,b,w are specified for each of P propellers.…”

Section: Radar Signal Scattering On Multi-propeller Drone: Expermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In that work, the drones were fixed indoor near radar antennas, guaranteeing clear periodic micro-Doppler patterns of high signal to noise ratio (SNR), yet clear periodic patterns are not always available in the noisy environment. Speirs et al presented in [2] periodic micro-Doppler patterns of quadcopter using fine and simplified simulation models. However, the propellers considered in that work were rotating in the same velocity with constant angle shift, while they may have different angles and velocities in practice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of Radar Micro-Doppler Patterns for Multi-Propeller Drones

Cai

Krasnov

Yarovoy

2019

2019 International Radar Conference (RADAR)

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This paper presents a thin-wire electromagnetic (EM) model of multi-propeller drone that generates drone micro-Doppler pattern efficiently as a function of radar parameters and propeller properties. Experimental results of propeller micro-Doppler pattern measured in anechoic chamber was investigated and used to validate the results produced by thin-wire model of single propeller in S-band and X-band. Then the thin-wire model was expanded to multi-propeller drones and reproduced linear micro-Doppler patterns of multi-propeller drone measured by radar system in long Coherent Processing Interval (CPI) circumstance. The model-based replica was shown to be useful in radar micro-Doppler analysis of multi-propeller drones, especially to study the influence of propellers synchronisation and in long CPI circumstances.

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“…A multirotor aerial robot allows different frame configurations. The main three types, quad, hex and octocopter are the most popular and apparently well-known (Šolc and Baranek, 2012; Speirs et al , 2018; He et al , 2020; Tao Du et al , 2016). There were equipped with four, six and eight brushless motors, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a novel V-frame octocopter: design, kinematic analysis and simulation using PID controllers with Ziegler Nichols tuning method

Minh

Hua³

2023

IJIUS

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PurposeThe main purpose of the study was mechanical designing, simulation and manufacturing process for a new model of octocopter V-frame and to achieve simple manufacturing with 3D printing technology. Moreover, the octocopter PID controller was simulated on the Simulink environment to get performance on the roll and pitch angle control.Design/methodology/approachOctocopter is one kind of multirotor vehicle (a rotorcraft with more than two rotors), that has lately gained a lot of attention for both the scientific and commercial spheres. With a greater number of rotors, the multirotor is very maneuverable and robust. Multi-copter makes an important contribution to the technological revolution in the military, industry, transportation, mapping and especially agriculture. Nowadays, we are heading to the four-industrial revolutions as well as the new technological application in the agricultural field such as precision agriculture, mapping and surveillance. Due to recently advanced technology about sensors, electronics, 3D printing, battery with high performance, multi-copter can be manufactured at low cost.FindingsThe V-frame octocopter was chosen to design in this paper; it had better performance scores including high redundancy rotors, high payload capability and affordable cost than another multi-copter family. The V-frame octocopter increasing freedom field of view of the camera was considered to place the camera position in the front of the drone.Research limitations/implicationsFor the future aspects, the mechanical structure of the octocopter could be improved by using more advanced metal 3D printing to produce the aluminum or titan alloy materials for lighter and more rigid compared with ABS material, and finally the assembly to the real test.Originality/valueThe study shows the new platform of the V-frame octocopter kinematics analysis, designed on the CAD software, with some important mechanical parts using FEM analysis to find the highest stress and displacement under high load applied, the result of all connecting the joints 3D printing part is completely safe. Mechanical parts were manufactured by using 3D printing technology and CNC milling. Moreover, the study has shown V-frame octocopter simulation based on Simulink using the second method Ziegler- Nichols to find suitable parameters of the PID controller for roll and pitch angle. Using the block simulation is good for implementing and fast checking the new algorithm when building the new platform of the robot.

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Comparisons Between Simulated and Measured X-band Signatures of Quad-, Hexa- and Octocopters

Cited by 12 publications

References 5 publications

Dynamic RCS Estimation according to Drone Movement Using the MoM and Far-Field Approximation

Dynamic RCS Estimation according to Drone Movement Using the MoM and Far-Field Approximation

Simulation of Radar Micro-Doppler Patterns for Multi-Propeller Drones

Development of a novel V-frame octocopter: design, kinematic analysis and simulation using PID controllers with Ziegler Nichols tuning method

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