Comparisons of mutation induction by six monocyclic aromatic amines in salmonella typhimurium tester strains TA97, TA1537, and TA1538

Abstract

The mutagenicity of six monocyclic aromatic amines (2,4-diaminoanisole, 2,4-diaminoethoxybenzene, 2,4-diaminopropoxybenzene, m-phenylenediamine, 2,4-diaminotoluene, and nitro-p-phenylenediamine) was investigated in Salmonella typhimurium strains TA97, TA1537, and TA1538 in the presence of two different amounts of Aroclor 1254-induced S9 preparations. Strain TA1538 was found to be the most responsive of the three strains with this group of compounds. Regarding the other strains, TA1537 responded to three of the compounds better than strain TA97, if one calculates responsiveness as the fold-increase in numbers of revertants per plate. However, if one calculates the number of revertants per nanomole or compares the number of induced revertants per plate, TA97 was more responsive than TA1537 for all six compounds. Comparisons of mutagenesis from tests involving strain TA97 are complicated by the large variations in spontaneous mutation frequencies in this strain. The amount of S9 per plate is another important variable in tests of monocyclic aromatic amines; in general, more revertants are detected when the S9 mix contains 10% S9 than when it contains 4% S9. Nevertheless, in all our tests of 2,4-diaminoanisole, 2,4-diaminoethoxybenzene, and 2,4-diaminopropoxybenzene, the same relationship between chemical structure and mutagenic activity was observed. In all three strains, the mutagenic responses become less when the alkoxy substituent on the molecule becomes larger.

Studies on the mutagenicity of aniline in association with norharman in the Salmonella/mammalian microscome assay

“…The properties of these strains, as described by Ames et al (62) and by Maron and Ames (63), were confirmed in our laboratories. Strain TA1538 was chosen for the detailed studies because of its known sensitivity in tests with other monocyclic aromatic amines (64)(65)(66).…”

Characteristics of azo‐dye binding sites on wool‐fiber keratin

“…Therefore, most benzidine‐based dyes can no longer be manufactured in the United States, and Germany and certain other European Union countries have banned the sale of products containing such dyes 6–9. Shahin and coworkers10–12 demonstrated that the introduction of a bulky alkyl or alkoxy substituent onto the NH 2 groups of a certain aromatic diamines would reduce or remove mutagenicity. Freeman et al7 found that benzidine derivatives containing propyl or butoxy substituents ortho to the amino groups were nonmutagenic in the standard Ames test.…”