Comparisons of nutrient recovery and specific leaf area variation between Carex lasiocarpa var. occultans and Carex thunbergii var. appendiculata with reference to nutrient conditions and shading by Phragmites australis

Onimaru, Kazuyuki; Yabe, Kazuo

doi:10.1007/bf02347680

Cited by 8 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Many studies have documented similar changes in SLA after transplantation. SLA is known to vary with light availability (Huffman et al ., 1994; Onimaru & Yabe, 1996; Valladares et al ., 2000), as well as other abiotic variables such as nitrogen concentrations, water availability, salt spray and substrate salinity (Alpha et al ., 1996; Cramer et al ., 2000; Knops & Reinhart, 2000). Therefore, it should be reiterated that relationships between PFD and SLA do not necessarily imply that light is the only proximate mechanism influencing intraspecific patterns.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns in specific leaf area and the structure of a temperate heath community

Burns

2004

Diversity and Distributions

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Relationships between the distribution and specific leaf area (SLA: leaf area per unit dry mass) of six heath (Ericaceae) species were investigated along an environmental gradient between peat bogs and conifer forest in British Columbia, Canada. I asked whether patterns in SLA could help to identify the processes shaping plant distributional patterns. Specifically, I assessed whether (i) species’ distributions across the environmental gradient are correlated with SLA (ii) relationships between plant distributional patterns and SLA are similar among bogs with different shrub species (iii) intraspecific patterns in SLA parallel interspecific relationships between distributions and SLA, and (iv) intraspecific patterns are environmentally determined. Results showed that distributional patterns were often correlated with SLA; species with lower SLA were more abundant towards the centre of bogs, while species with higher SLA were more abundant in forest. Intraspecific patterns in SLA paralleled distributional patterns across the gradient; individuals located towards the centre of bogs had lower SLA than those growing in forest. A transplantation experiment showed that plants typically altered their SLA according to local environmental conditions. However, one bog showed no relationship between species’ distributions and SLA. This bog lacked the two species with lowest SLA, which typically occurred at the centre of other bogs. In their absence, species with higher SLA that typically occurred in forest increased in abundance towards the centre of the bog, where they obtained lower values of SLA. Therefore, while distributional patterns were often closely associated with SLA, plasticity in SLA was associated with increased breadth of species’ distributions across the gradient. Overall results indicate SLA may serve as a useful proxy for a range of life history traits to help elucidate the processes structuring plant communities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns in specific leaf area and the structure of a temperate heath community

Burns

2004

Diversity and Distributions

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“…Ohwi, however, are able to thrive in the nutrient-rich areas dominated by P. australis (Onimaru and Yabe 1996). A flexible specific leaf area enables C. thunbergii to maximize the capture of available sunlight in P. australis stands (Onimaru and Yabe 1996). Lobelia dortmanna L. individuals were larger and had greater clonal growth, dry weight and number of seeds when growing in a low-density (22.9 ± 6.6 shoots m -2 ) common reed swamp on littoral sites than when growing outside that swamp.…”

Section: Areas Dominated By 4xmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…occultans (Fr.) Kukenthal, even in nutrient-rich environments (Onimaru and Yabe 1996). Shade-tolerant sedges such as Carex thunbergii var.…”

Section: Areas Dominated By 4xmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The biology of Canadian weeds. 129. Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.

Mal¹,

Narine²

2004

Can. J. Plant Sci.

103

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-common reed, is a perennial, emergent aquatic plant with annual cane-like stems developed from an extensive rhizome system. It grows in low-lying wet areas such as fresh and salt-water marshes, drainage ditches, shallow lake edges, sandy banks, roadsides, woodlands and rocky places. Stems can reach up to 6.0 m in height, vary in diameter from 4 to10 mm and have 10 to 25 cm long hollow internodes. Clones are extended by perennial rhizomes with extensive aerenchymatous tissue that supplies oxygen. Roots develop from rhizomes and other submerged parts of shoots. Leaves are smooth, alternate with narrow-lanceolate laminae, 20 to 70 cm long and 1 to 5 cm broad, and tapering to long slender points. The inflorescence is a terminal panicle, often 30 cm long, dull purple to yellow, with main branches bearing many spikelets. Seed production and germination are extremely variable and comparatively rare in many populations. Phragmites australis carries out photosynthesis through the C 3 pathway (or a variation thereof). Studies of genetic variation through isozyme and other molecular methods suggest that the populations are very closely related, and that variation in the metapopulation is small. Chloroplast DNA sequences of two non-coding regions indicate that non-native introduced genotypes of P. australis have displaced native genotypes in parts of North America. Phragmites australis often forms extensive monocultures in North America. As a consequence, habitat quality and species diversity have been documented to decline. However, in roadside populations it is effective in taking up many typical heavy metals that originate from nearby highways and buildings. Phragmites australis is found in all Canadian provinces and the Northwest Territories, but not in the Yukon Territory or Nunavut. The infestation of P. australis is most severe in the Great Lakes region and its migration is primarily mediated through rivers, canals and waterways but roadways are increasingly becoming important. Changes in the water regime have been linked to its success and could ultimately result in changes to the floristic composition of a habitat. Rodeo™, an aqueous solution of the isopropylamine salt of glyphosate, is most frequently used to control P. australis populations. Other methods of control include cutting, burning, and drainage of the species' habitat. As P. australis is considered to be invasive in North America, introduction of biological control agents is now being investigated. Can. J. Plant Sci. 84: 365-396. Le roseau commun Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. est une vivace aquatique dont le vaste système de rhizomes donne chaque année des tiges ressemblant à des cannes. L'espèce pousse dans les dépressions humides comme les marais d'eau douce et salants, les fossés de drainage, la rive des lacs peu profonds, les berges sablonneuses, le bord des routes, les boisés et les endroits rocailleux. Les tiges atteignent parfois jusqu'à 6,0 m de hauteur et leur diamètre varie de 4 à 10 mm, avec de longues sections creuses de 10 à ...

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“…In the present study, a negative correlation was shown between nutrient level and aboveground biomass; that is, the highest concentrations of TDN and K in the soil water were observed in the dwarf Eleocharis community. The concentrations of these nutrients in this mire are quite high: eight‐ to 11‐fold (N) and four‐ to sevenfold (K) higher than those in other minerotrophic mires in northern Japan (Wolejko & Ito 1986; Onimaru & Yabe 1996; Haraguchi et al. 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Reduced soil contributes to the anomalous occupation of dwarf communities in N‐richer habitats in a cool‐temperate mire

Nakamura

Yabe

Komatsu

et al. 2002

Ecological Research

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Spatial patterns of the oxidation–reduction potential (Eh) of soil, water level and chemistry were examined in the fen area of the Tohfutsu mire, northern Japan, where horse pasturage has been carried out throughout the growing season every year. The fen vegetation consisted mosaically of communities mono‐ or codominated by Eleocharis kamtschatica, Iris setosa and Carex lyngbyei. The highest concentration of total dissolved nitrogen of soil water was observed in the dwarf community dominated by E. kamtschatica with smaller biomass, whereas the nutrient level was lower in the community monodominated by C. lyngbyei with larger biomass. Principal component analysis denoted well that Eh, N, K, and pH contributed to the differentiation of these communities significantly. During the growing season that was investigated, the highest nitrogen concentration was observed in midsummer, when plants are expected to absorb nutrients intensely, indicating that the supply of dissolved nitrogen far exceeded the nutrient uptake of plants. Multiple habitats with reduced soil were formed by submergence and by an excess of nitrogen due to pasturage, and the soil reduction indirectly inhibited the incursion of species with large biomass at such sites. It was demonstrated that soil Eh contributed to the anomalous pattern of vegetation where the supply of available nitrogen exceeds the uptake by plants.

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Comparisons of nutrient recovery and specific leaf area variation between Carex lasiocarpa var. occultans and Carex thunbergii var. appendiculata with reference to nutrient conditions and shading by Phragmites australis

Cited by 8 publications

References 38 publications

Patterns in specific leaf area and the structure of a temperate heath community

Patterns in specific leaf area and the structure of a temperate heath community

The biology of Canadian weeds. 129. Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.

Reduced soil contributes to the anomalous occupation of dwarf communities in N‐richer habitats in a cool‐temperate mire

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