Comparisons of the composition of foliage-dwelling spider assemblages in apple orchards and adjacent deciduous forest

Sackett, Tara E.; Buddle, Christopher M.; Vincent, Charles

doi:10.4039/n07-048

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The vast majority of these species are generalists for deciduous trees (e.g. Sackett, Buddle & Vincent 2008) and occur in all woody habitat types considered in the research design. Only a few species are specific to semi‐open structures and thus avoid closed forest (e.g.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of habitat amount and isolation on biodiversity in fragmented traditional orchards

Bailey

Schmidt‐Entling

Eberhart

et al. 2010

Journal of Applied Ecology

123

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Summary1. Habitat fragmentation is a major threat to biodiversity and can lead to the loss of both species and ecosystem services, but fragmentation effects vary greatly between studies and studied organisms. Understanding the distinct effects of habitat amount and isolation at the patch and landscape scale may account for some of this variation. 2. We studied biodiversity in 30 traditional orchards that were selected for independent variation in habitat amount and habitat isolation at the patch and landscape scale. We analysed species richness and abundance of snails, beetles, true bugs, spiders and breeding birds that avoid open farmland but occur in woody vegetation types. Additionally, the abundances of nine single species were analysed using specific habitat definitions. 3. Surprisingly, the effects of habitat isolation were more important than the effects of habitat amount. Effects at the patch scale were more frequent than landscape-scale effects. 4. Spider species richness decreased with increasing patch-scale habitat amount. Abundance of the weevil Phyllobius oblongus increased with landscape-scale habitat amount. Negative effects of patch isolation were greater for predatory birds and spiders, while the predominately herbivorous beetles, true bugs and snails were less affected. Species richness of birds, spiders and beetles, and abundance of birds, Cyanistes caeruleus, Parus major and Fringilla coelebs, decreased with increasing patchscale habitat isolation. In contrast, species richness of spiders and beetles increased with increasing landscape-scale habitat isolation. 5. Synthesis and applications. The effects of habitat fragmentation differed between taxonomic groups, with stronger and more consistent responses in birds than invertebrates. Our understanding of fragmentation effects may be biased due to the dominance of bird studies in the literature, and further invertebrate studies are encouraged. Landscape management to improve biodiversity or ecosystem services requires a group-specific approach and coordinated priority setting. High habitat connectivity benefited wood-preferring birds, spiders and beetles, lending support to national initiatives for increased habitat connectedness. The negative effects of patch isolation were greater for natural pest regulators, birds and spiders than for herbivorous beetles and bugs.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of habitat amount and isolation on biodiversity in fragmented traditional orchards

Bailey

Schmidt‐Entling

Eberhart

et al. 2010

Journal of Applied Ecology

123

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As structural similarity between habitats is one of the most important determinants of population exchange in spiders (Samu et al 1999), we classified scrub and hedgerows, other extensively used orchards, single trees and tree lines as suitable habitat for orchard spiders (Olszak et al 1992b;Miliczky and Horton 2005). For woodlands, we ranked only the woodland edges (5 m buffer) as suitable habitat as their spider fauna is similar to that of traditional orchards (Sackett et al 2008).…”

Section: Study Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spiders associated with the meadow and tree canopies of orchards respond differently to habitat fragmentation

et al. 2010

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The response of animal communities to habitat quality and fragmentation may vary depending on microhabitat associations of species. For example, sensitivity of species to woody habitat fragmentation should increase with their degree of association with woody plants. We investigated effects of local and landscape factors on spider communities in different microhabitats within Swiss apple orchards. We expected a stronger negative effect of woody habitat fragmentation on spiders inhabiting tree canopies compared to spiders living in the meadow. The 30 orchards that we sampled varied in woody habitat amount and isolation at landscape and patch scales. Local factors included management intensity and plant diversity. Spiders associated with meadow were affected by plant diversity, but not by fragmentation. In contrast, spiders associated with canopies responded to isolation from other woody habitats. Surprisingly, we found both positive and negative effects of habitat isolation on local abundance. This indicates that differences in dispersal and/or biotic interactions shape the specific response to habitat isolation. The relative importance of local and landscape factors was in accordance with the microhabitat of the spiders. Thus, considering microhabitat associations can be important for identifying processes that would be overlooked if sampling were pooled for the whole habitat.

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“…Furthermore, adaptation to different temporal niches (e.g., diurnal or nocturnal) affect resource availability, the risk of predation and rate of encounter with competitors (Kronfeld-Schor & Dayan, 2003). For example, the Batesian myrmecomorphic spider in North American orchards (Miliczky et al, 2008;Sackett et al, 2008). Adult Ph.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circadian rhythms in the locomotor activity of the spiders Carrhotus xanthogramma (Salticidae) and Philodromus cespitum (Philodromidae): Temporal patterns and sexual differences

Mezőfi¹,

Markó²,

Kovács³

et al. 2019

Eur. J. Entomol.

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Comparisons of the composition of foliage-dwelling spider assemblages in apple orchards and adjacent deciduous forest

Cited by 11 publications

References 39 publications

Effects of habitat amount and isolation on biodiversity in fragmented traditional orchards

Effects of habitat amount and isolation on biodiversity in fragmented traditional orchards

Spiders associated with the meadow and tree canopies of orchards respond differently to habitat fragmentation

Circadian rhythms in the locomotor activity of the spiders Carrhotus xanthogramma (Salticidae) and Philodromus cespitum (Philodromidae): Temporal patterns and sexual differences

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