Comparisons of various types of normality tests

Wah, Yap Bee; Sim, C. H.

doi:10.1080/00949655.2010.520163

Cited by 637 publications

(396 citation statements)

References 36 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

362

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Social, environmental and global sustainability CIs passed the test showing high significances (Sig > 0.05), and therefore can be considered normally distributed variables. The significance of the economic CI (Sig = 0.032) was slightly below 0.05; however, this value is acceptable using some authors' criteria (Eckel and Grossman, 1998;Óztuna et al, 2006;Lorenz, 2009;Yap and Sim, 2011), who argue that the K-S and S-W test is the most powerful and the strictest. We also contrasted these results with alternative graphical and numerical tests, following the recommendations of Hair et al (2010).…”

Section: Correlation Analysismentioning

confidence: 96%

Comparative analysis of passenger transport sustainability in European cities

Alonso

Monzón

Jiménez

2015

Ecological Indicators

118

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sustainable development in its three dimensions -economic, social and environmental -has become a major concern on an international scale. The problem is global, but must be solved locally. Most of the world's population lives in cities that act as centres of economic growth and productivity, but which -if they develop in the wrong direction -can cause social inequalities, or irreversibly harm the environment. Urban transport causes a number of negative impacts that can affect sustainability targets. The objective of this study is to propose an analysis of sustainability of urban passenger transport systems based on available indicators in most cities. This will serve to benchmark the practices of different cities and manage their transport systems. This work involves the creation of composite indicators (CI) to measure the sustainability of urban passenger transport systems. The methodology is applied to 23 European cities. The indicators are based on a benchmarking approach, and the evaluation of each aspect in each case therefore depends on the performance of the whole sample. The CI enabled us to identify which characteristics have the greatest influence on the sustainability of a city's transport system, and to establish transport policies that could potentially improve its shortcomings. Finally, the cities are clustered according to the values obtained from the CIs, and thus according to the weaknesses and strengths of their transport systems.

show abstract

Section: Correlation Analysismentioning

confidence: 96%

Comparative analysis of passenger transport sustainability in European cities

Alonso

Monzón

Jiménez

2015

Ecological Indicators

118

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The Shapiro-Francia test was chosen because of its known performance and the Shapiro-Wilk test was chosen because it is one of the best-known tests for normality [12]. An a priori alpha level for the goodness-of-fit tests was specified to be .10 [14]. Data were not normally distributed and thus the Wilcoxon rank sum (Mann-Whitney U) tests were used for significance testing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Knowledge Retention of Cardiovascular Physiology Using Simulation

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Basic science education plays an integral role in preparing medical students to be competent physicians and lifelong learners. Faculty in the preclinical years of undergraduate medical education, formerly focused on the transmission of biomedical principles and factual information, are now presenting concepts using clinical activities, with emphasis on clinical relevance, while advancing active learning and critical thinking. Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of a simulation intervention on short-term student knowledge gain. We investigated whether integrating simulation using the Harvey after completing lectures on cardiovascular physiology in a basic science course led to significant knowledge increases in first year medical students. Methods Wilcoxon rank sum (Mann-Whitney U) tests were used to test for significant differences in students receiving a lecture-only curriculum and students receiving a lecture-plussimulation curriculum. Since this is an educational intervention, an a priori alpha level of 0.10 was specified. A two-sided test was used to analyze for differences between the curricula. All analyses were done using R software. Results There were statistically significant differences between outcomes associated with teaching modalities for the summative course exam, comprehensive final exam, and the cumulative average of these two exams (p value=.0006, <.0001, and .0980, respectively). Students exposed to simulation plus lecture performed better on the summative exam, but not the final exam. Conclusions The use of simulation and cardiac physiology lectures for first year medical students was found to have a significant impact on students' cardiac physiology exam scores in the short-term. A longitudinal study is needed to see if there is long-term knowledge retention and improvement in clinical skills.

show abstract

“…the power of the test is low. [17] Therefore, the further developed variant, the Kolmogorow-Smirnow-Lilliefors test, [18] which is specially optimised for the comparison to normal distributions, was used to analyse whether the populations were normal distributed.…”

Section: Normal Distributed Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influencing driver chosen cornering speed by means of modified steering feel

Rothhämel

IJkema

Drugge

2013

Vehicle System Dynamics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper presents an investigation about influencing the driver's behaviour intuitively by means of modified steering feel. For a rollover indication through haptic feedback a model was developed and tested that returned a warning to the driver about too high vehicle speed. This was realised by modifying the experienced steering wheel torque as a function of the lateral acceleration. The hypothesis for this work was that drivers of heavy vehicles will perform with more margin of safety to the rollover threshold if the steering feel is altered by means of decreased or additionally increased steering wheel torque at high lateral acceleration. Therefore, the model was implemented in a test truck with active steering with torque overlay and used for a track test. Thirty-three drivers took part in the investigation that showed, depending on the parameter setting, a significant decrease of lateral acceleration while cornering.

show abstract

Comparisons of various types of normality tests

Cited by 637 publications

References 36 publications

Comparative analysis of passenger transport sustainability in European cities

Comparative analysis of passenger transport sustainability in European cities

Enhancing Knowledge Retention of Cardiovascular Physiology Using Simulation

Influencing driver chosen cornering speed by means of modified steering feel

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About