Compartmental organization of the olfactory bulb glomerulus

Kasowski, Hahnah J.; Kim, Hanna; Greer, Charles A.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9861(19990503)407:2<261::aid-cne7>3.0.co;2-g

Cited by 167 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Alternatively, can a single astrocyte release both GABA and glutamate, possibly at the same site, with an effect on neurons depending on the type of neuronal receptors that face the release site? In the glomerular layer, astrocytes respect the glomerular organization (40), surrounding a single glomerulus and extending processes that wrap and isolate bundles of dendrites with dendrodendritic synapses (41). Such compartmentalization should favor neuronal synchronization because of spillover of a transmitter, whether released by neurons or by glial cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Target cell-specific modulation of neuronal activity by astrocytes

Kozlov

Angulo

Audinat

et al. 2006

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

201

211

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Fig. 3. Decision tree for hybrid sequencing strategy. For organisms with a small genome size (Ͻ3 Mb) and͞or a small number of gaps and͞or high levels of repetitive structure inducing physical ends, we found 8ϫ Sanger sequencing to be the most cost-effective approach. For organisms with a large genome size, many sequencing gaps, and͞or hard stops, we found initial sequencing of 5.3ϫ Sanger data followed by the addition of two 454 runs to be the most cost-effective approach.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Target cell-specific modulation of neuronal activity by astrocytes

Kozlov

Angulo

Audinat

et al. 2006

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

201

211

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“…The primary dendrites in mitral cells had the average diameter (measured under DIC) at the junction point with the soma of 6.5 Ϯ 0.3 m; the primary dendrites tapered toward its distal end having an average diameter of 4.0 Ϯ 0.2 m at 20 m away from the soma and an average diameter of 2.5 Ϯ 0.2 m at the most distal end at the entrance into the glomerulus (n ϭ 15). The surface-to-volume ratio is even more favorable in the terminal dendritic branches, with the average diameter of 0.8 m, as determined using an electron microscope (Kasowski et al, 1999). In addition, the higher sensitivity of recording from the tuft is accompanied by the improved signal-to-noise ratio (for the same ⌬F/F ) based on a large membrane surface area of the terminal dendritic arborization.…”

Section: Epsp Characteristics In the Glomerular Tuft And Trunk Of Thementioning

confidence: 95%

Voltage Imaging from Dendrites of Mitral Cells: EPSP Attenuation and Spike Trigger Zones

Djurišić¹,

Antic²,

Chen³

et al. 2004

J. Neurosci.

118

130

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To obtain a more complete description of individual neurons, it is necessary to complement the electrical patch pipette measurements with technologies that permit a massive parallel recording from many sites on neuronal processes. This can be achieved by using voltage imaging with intracellular dyes. With this approach, we investigated the functional structure of a mitral cell, the principal output neuron in the rat olfactory bulb. The most significant finding concerns the characteristics of EPSPs at the synaptic sites and surprisingly small attenuation along the trunk of the primary dendrite. Also, the experiments were performed to determine the number, location, and stability of spike trigger zones, the excitability of terminal dendritic branches, and the pattern and nature of spike initiation and propagation in the primary and secondary dendrites. The results show that optical data can be used to deduce the amplitude and shape of the EPSPs evoked by olfactory nerve stimulation at the site of origin (glomerular tuft) and to determine its attenuation along the entire length of the primary dendrite. This attenuation corresponds to an unusually large mean apparent "length constant" of the primary dendrite. Furthermore, the images of spike trigger zones showed that an action potential can be initiated in three different compartments of the mitral cell: the soma-axon region, the primary dendrite trunk, and the terminal dendritic tuft, which appears to be fully excitable. Finally, secondary dendrites clearly support the active propagation of action potentials.

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“…Olfactory bulb glomeruli contain a synaptic circuitry that also exhibits unique features that might promote glutamate pooling. The olfactory axon terminals with their high-release probability (Murphy et al, 2004) are often clustered along dendrites and can be located close to dendrodendritic synapses where glutamate is also released (Giustetto et al, 1997; Kasowski et al, 1999;Montague and Greer, 1999). Glial processes are most often absent between adjacent ON boutons (Chao et al 1997;Kasowski et al, 1999) but can be intermingled between axodendritic and dendrodendritic synapses (De Saint Jan and Westbrook, 2005).…”

Section: Long-lasting Synaptic Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, this apparent diffusional barrier between axodendritic and dendrodendritic synapses may be easily overwhelmed by sustained stimulation (De Saint Jan and Westbrook, 2005). Glial-free compartments within glomeruli might then constitute preferred pathways for glutamate diffusion (Chao et al 1997;Kasowski et al, 1999).…”

Section: Long-lasting Synaptic Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disynaptic Amplification of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 1 Responses in the Olfactory Bulb

Jan¹,

Westbrook²

2007

J. Neurosci.

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Sensory systems often respond to rapid stimuli with high frequency and fidelity, as perhaps best exemplified in the auditory system. Fast synaptic responses are fundamental requirements to achieve this task. The importance of speed is less clear in the olfactory system. Moreover, olfactory bulb output mitral cells respond to a single stimulation of the sensory afferents with unusually long EPSPs, lasting several seconds. We examined the temporal characteristics, developmental regulation, and the mechanism generating these responses in mouse olfactory bulb slices. The slow EPSP appeared at postnatal days 10 -11 and was mediated by metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (mGluR1) and NMDA receptors. mGluR1 contribution was unexpected because its activation usually requires strong, high-frequency stimulation of inputs. However, dendritic release of glutamate from the intraglomerular network caused spillover-mediated recurrent activation of metabotropic glutamate receptors. We suggest that persistent responses in mitral cells amplify the incoming sensory information and, along with asynchronous inputs, drive odor-evoked slow temporal activity in the bulb.

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Compartmental organization of the olfactory bulb glomerulus

Cited by 167 publications

References 55 publications

Target cell-specific modulation of neuronal activity by astrocytes

Target cell-specific modulation of neuronal activity by astrocytes

Voltage Imaging from Dendrites of Mitral Cells: EPSP Attenuation and Spike Trigger Zones

Disynaptic Amplification of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 1 Responses in the Olfactory Bulb

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