Compatibility tests of steels in flowing liquid lead–bismuth

Chen

Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology

2009

The active oxygen control technique is a recently developed effective method for mitigating structural corrosions by forming a protective oxide film along the structural materials in corrosive lead bismuth eutectic (LBE) systems. The mechanisms of LBE corrosion and the oxidation of stainless steel in LBE environment have been analyzed. The active oxygen control technique is introduced and the oxidation experiment results with oxygen control are summarized. The buoyancy-enhanced oxygen transport, both laminar and turbulent, in the experimental LBE container has been numerically investigated using the finite volume method. The flux of oxygen at the gas-liquid and solid-liquid interfaces, the oxygen concentration in the bulk flow, and the rate of oxide layer formation are calculated. The time needed for the momentum and energy to reach the steady state and the time for the bulk concentration of oxygen to reach equilibrium are estimated. The rate of oxide layer formation on the steel surface under different thermal boundary conditions and diffusivities is also calculated. The numerical analysis provides a guideline for the design and setup of the apparatus in testing and calibrating low-concentration oxygen sensors and to study the oxidation of stainless steel containers for LBE.

Section: Oxidation Experiments Of Stainless Steels In Lbe With Oxmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: 7)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Oxidation Experiments Of Stainless Steels In Lbe With Oxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Buoyancy-Enhanced Oxygen Transport in the Experimental Liquid Lead Bismuth Eutectic Container

Chen

Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology

2009

Lead–Bismuth Eutectic (LBE): A Coolant Candidate for Gen. IV Advanced Nuclear Reactor Concepts

Zhang

2013

Adv Eng Mater

LBE is one of the primary coolant candidates of advanced nuclear reactors. The present review conducts an assessment of the coolant based on a series of liquid metal coolant selection criteria first and then identifies the key concerns of using LBE as the primary coolant of a nuclear reactor. The review focuses on the status of the art of these key concerns: materials degradation, protective oxide layer, and polonium production and control in an LBE coolant system. The review also addresses oxidation kinetics of steels in oxygen-containing LBE, development of oxygen technology and comparisons between LBE and liquid sodium.

Materials and Corrosion

Corrosion resistance of self-growing TiC coating on SIMP steel in LBE at 600 °C

Shi

Yan

Sha

et al. 2016

SIMP steel was newly developed as a candidate structural material for the accelerator driven subcritical system. The serious decarburization of SIMP steel because of the high Si content was used to successfully form a self-growing TiC coating on the surface, after the Ti deposition as a first step. This TiC layer can effectively protect the surface from the static liquid lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) corrosion at 600 °C up to 2000 h in the low oxygen LBE.However, in the oxygen saturated LBE, the TiC coating is oxidized into porous TiO2 after only 500 h and fails to protect. Therefore, the self-growing TiC coating is desired only when the oxygen content of LBE is strictly controlled on a low level.