Compensation of seed production after severe injury in the short-lived herb Barbarea vulgaris

Martínková, Jana; ̆ová, Jitka Klimes; Mihulka, Stanislav

doi:10.1016/j.baae.2006.12.001

Cited by 34 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…This might have been caused by relatively higher investments of such plants into root biomass and carbon stored belowground, which promote biomass regeneration. Results of various experiments differ because experimental conditions probably not always match the nutrient conditions to which species are adapted (compare Martínková et al 2008;Latzel et al , 2014. Similarly, the nutrient-rich conditions in our experiment probably had a different meaning for serpentine populations adapted to generally nutrient-poor soils (Brady et al 2005) than for non-serpentine populations often growing on managed meadows or arable land.…”

Section: Ploidy Levelsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Root sprouting in Knautia arvensis (Dipsacaceae): effects of polyploidy, soil origin and nutrient availability

et al. 2015

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Plants able to resprout from roots have a potential bud bank that gets initiated after injury to overcome meristem limitation after loss of all stem parts and to facilitate regeneration. Knautia arvensis is reportedly able to sprout from its roots on arable land, but information is missing regarding such ability in serpentine populations or how it might differ between diploids and tetraploids. We hypothesized that (1) 'ruderal' non-serpentine populations better tolerate severe disturbance than relic, serpentine ones; (2) tetraploid populations resprout more readily than diploids due to enhanced growth of higher ploidy levels; and (3) plants of different ploidy levels from serpentine soils are, for evolutionary reasons, more similar in their response to disturbances than plants from non-serpentine soils. To test these hypotheses, we conducted a pot experiment. Its results do not support our hypothesis that the ability to sprout from roots is a factor driving the spread of new weedy taxa into central Europe or the hypothesis that it is related to polyploidization in the genus Knautia. Both tetraploids and plants from non-serpentine populations regenerated less vigorously than diploids and plants from serpentine populations. However, the genetically closer populations of serpentine origin were more similar in their response to experimental manipulations than their genetically distinct non-serpentine counterparts. The success of non-serpentine taxa in disturbed habitats of central Europe might be related to traits other than the ability to resprout.

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Section: Ploidy Levelsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Root sprouting in Knautia arvensis (Dipsacaceae): effects of polyploidy, soil origin and nutrient availability

et al. 2015

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“…For example, increasing root biomass can improve a plant's ability to re-sprout after defoliation (Martinkova et al 2008). Species that have the potential to reproduce vegetatively, such as Vincetoxicum spp., and other invasives such as alligator weed (Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plants in our study produced fewer seeds at higher densities, and this may be due to increased competition for available resources. Limiting resource availability through planting of highly competitive native species such as goldenrod (Solidago Canadensis L.) or raspberry (Rubus occidentallis L.) may help to decrease its reproductive capacity in NA (Martinkova et al 2008).…”

Section: Implications For Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of herbivory on performance of Vincetoxicum spp., invasive weeds in North America

Maguire

Sforza²,

Smith

2011

Biol Invasions

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The alien invasive vines Vincetoxicum rossicum and Vincetoxicum nigrum (swallow-wort) are of major concern in eastern North America, where both species invade forested landscapes and threaten faunal and plant diversity. Among the few native natural enemies reported in Eurasia, the specialist chrysomelid, Chrysochus (Eumolpus) asclepiadeus (Coleoptera; Chrysomelidae), feeds on Vincetoxicum both above ground (as adults) and below ground (as larvae). The goal of our study was to assess the potential for using this beetle to manage invasive Vincetoxicum spp. in North America by quantifying the impact of herbivory by C. asclepiadeus on Vincetoxicum and determining whether this effect was influenced by plant density (''Allee effect''). Experimental work was carried out using a split plot design in the field in southern France. Pots of V. nigrum and V. hirundinaria, a substitute for V. rossicum, were planted at high (255 plants/m 2 ), medium (127 plants/m 2 ), and low (32 plants/m 2 ) plant densities, and received treatments of 0 (control), 2 or 4 C. asclepiadeus adult beetles/pot. Leaf damage, root and shoot biomass, and quantity of seeds were measured after 4 weeks of adult feeding. Densities of 2 and 4 beetles/pot caused similar damage, with significant reductions in plant biomass at low plant density. While V. hirundinaria increased allocation of resources to roots in response to herbivory, V. nigrum did not. Seed production was greatest for both species grown at low plant densities, but only V. nigrum produced fewer seeds in response to herbivory. Our results, based on the effects of herbivory by C. asclepiadeus adults, suggest that if this beetle were to be introduced into North America for the management of Vincetoxicum spp. such as V. rossicum, reductions in plant biomass and spread would be greatest if beetles were released on edges or in newlyestablished satellite populations at low plant densities. In the case of V. nigrum, beetles could be released irrespective of plant density as reproductive output and seed dispersal would be reduced similarly.

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“…Moreover, compensation or even overcompensation at the vegetative level does not necessarily increase fitness (Brody et al 2007;Martinkova et al 2008;Huhta et al 2009) and negative effects on future reproduction represent a cost of compensation that is easily overlooked (Ruiz et al 2006). Observations made solely during vegetative growth or over a single season are, thus, often not confirmed by studies that measure fitness more directly or over several reproductive phases.…”

Section: Tolerance and (Over) Compensationmentioning

confidence: 95%

Plastic defence expression in plants

Heil

2009

Evol Ecol

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Phenotypic plasticity is the ability of an organism to express different phenotypes in response to changing environments and becomes particularly obvious when plants alter their transcriptome after enemy attack. The resulting alterations affect the metabolic, chemical and morphological phenotype and cause resistance or tolerance phenomena, which allow plants to main high fitness in the presence of enemies. Volatiles released from damaged plants can be received by their neighbours or undamaged parts of the same plant to mount an adequate level of resistance and thereby add a further level of phenotypic plasticity. The induced defence responses also include attraction of the third trophic level and, thus, dramatic changes of the 'extended phenotype' of the plant, that is, its surrounding fauna. The underlying interactions are, at least partly, under the control of the plant and, thus, subject to co-evolutionary processes. Fitness costs are a common explanation for the evolution of inducible resistance expression. However, variability in the resistance phenotype can per se be beneficial, because it makes counter-adaptations by the plants' enemies more difficult. In the case of indirect defences, which are mediated by plant-carnivore mutualisms, signal reliability and reciprocal responses among phenotypically plastic partners appear necessary prerequisites for their evolutionary stabilisation. The expression of resistance and tolerance is induced by enemy attack but is also under control by abiotic factors, such as resource supply, and by biotic parameters, such as current and anticipated competition, efficiency of the expressed resistance and ontogenetic stage. All these levels of plasticity help plants to survive as sessile organisms in a rapidly changing environment and in the presence of mobile enemies.

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Compensation of seed production after severe injury in the short-lived herb Barbarea vulgaris

Cited by 34 publications

References 35 publications

Root sprouting in Knautia arvensis (Dipsacaceae): effects of polyploidy, soil origin and nutrient availability

Root sprouting in Knautia arvensis (Dipsacaceae): effects of polyploidy, soil origin and nutrient availability

Impact of herbivory on performance of Vincetoxicum spp., invasive weeds in North America

Plastic defence expression in plants

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