Compensatory changes in cortical resource allocation in adults with hearing loss

Campbell, Julia; Sharma, Anu

doi:10.3389/fnsys.2013.00071

Cited by 163 publications

(188 citation statements)

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“…Campbell and Sharma (2013), in an electroencephalography (EEG) study, supported this notion by showing that hearing loss is associated with the reallocation of cortical resources, from temporal areas to frontal cognitive areas, which presumably aid the processing and reconstruction of auditory stimuli, even in passive listening conditions.…”

Section: The Role Of Explicit Cognitive Functioning In the Recognitiomentioning

confidence: 86%

“…These findings can be explained by two mechanisms: first, poor sensory coding of consonants and words by EHA users places higher processing demands on perception (ELU model, Rönnberg et al, 2013); second, changes in the structural and functional auditory system of EHA users make the processing of consonants and words cognitively demanding, even when hearing aids are used (cf. Campbell & Sharma, 2013). …”

Section: ! ! 36!mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Time is of the essence in speech perception! : Get it fast, or think about it

Moradi¹

2014

Studies From the Swedish Institute for Disability Research

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Speech recognition occurs when attending to speech stimuli in auditory, visual, or audiovisual modalities under optimum (e.g., in silence) or degraded listening conditions (i.e., in background noise or in individuals with hearing impairment). The present thesis contains details of the first study to show how background noise (steady-state white noise) delayed the identification of different types of speech stimuli (consonants, words, and final words in sentence) in auditory and audiovisual modalities by calculating the isolation points (IPs, the shortest time from the onset of an speech stimulus required for correct identification of that speech stimulus). The cognitive demands of perceiving speech stimuli under each type of listening condition (silence vs. noise) were also tested by measuring the correlations between IPs of each type of speech stimulus (in each type of listening condition) and tests of working memory capacity (i.e., the reading span test, Rönnberg, Arlinger, Lyxell, & Kinnefors, 1989) and attentional capacity (i.e., the Paced Auditory Serial Attention Gronwall, 1977). In addition, the speechreading of words in both silent and noisy (babble background noise and steady-state white noise) conditions was also investigated in above-average speechreaders. The present thesis also compared elderly hearing-aid (EHA) users and elderly normal-hearing (ENH) individuals, in terms of IPs and accuracy in the identification of different types of speech stimuli in silence. Furthermore, the extent to which the identification of auditory speech stimuli was cognitively demanding (for both EHA users and ENH individuals) was investigated by measuring the correlations between IPs and accuracies of different types of speech stimuli and working memory capacity.The results showed that background noise resulted in later IPs (in the auditory and audiovisual modalities) and reduced accuracy (in the auditory, visual, and audiovisual modalities). In visual speech recognition (speechreading), the adverse effect of noise on accuracy was dependent on the type of background noise: babble background noise reduced accuracy but the steady-state white noise did not. In addition, the audiovisual presentation of speech stimuli, relative to auditory presentation, resulted in earlier IPs and more accurate identification of speech stimuli in both silence and noise. In the silent condition, the IPs for perceiving different types of auditory and audiovisual speech stimuli were not correlated with performance on the tests of working memory and attention. In the noise condition, the IPs of consonants and words in the auditory-only condition were significantly correlated with tests for measuring explicit cognitive resources. Furthermore, there was a significant correlation between the results on a test of speech-in-noise performance (the HINT, Hällgren, Larsby, & Arlinger, 2006) and the results on tests of working memory (the reading span test, Rönnberg et al., 1989) and attention (PASAT, Gronwall, 1977). A secondary finding was that ...

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Section: The Role Of Explicit Cognitive Functioning In the Recognitiomentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: ! ! 36!mentioning

confidence: 99%

Time is of the essence in speech perception! : Get it fast, or think about it

Moradi¹

2014

Studies From the Swedish Institute for Disability Research

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“…The impact is not only on the linguistic level, but is reflected in a brain reorganization, transferring auditory cortical areas for visual processing even in subjects with mild-moderate hearing impairment acquired in adulthood (24,25) . Therefore, the lack of correlation between the degree of hearing loss and receptive vocabulary, in this study, can be attributed to the fact that all subjects were analyzed, somehow, and constrained by disability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, the variable "degree of hearing loss" represented one of the limits of research, because there were only two representatives with mild hearing loss, so that, for further statistical analysis would be necessary to develop a more extensive study with increasing the sample. Considering the effect of hearing loss on brain organization, described above (24,25) , and the factors related to participation restriction and reduction of language experiences, would be supposed that subjects with hearing loss no longer had a greater reduction of receptive vocabulary. However, no correlation was found between duration of hearing loss and receptive vocabulary.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatores biológicos e socioculturais na avaliação do vocabulário receptivo em português oral de deficientes auditivos pós-linguais

Palácios

Oliveira

Chiossi

et al. 2014

Audiol., Commun. Res.

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“…During the performance of auditory tasks, hearing loss was associated with lower activity in brain regions involved in speech processing (brain-stem, thalamus, and superior temporal gyri; Peelle et al, 2011), while others have observed an increased activity in the pre-frontal cortex, associated with WM processing (Campbell and Sharma, 2013). With hearing loss relating to structural changes in the cochlea and the brain, it is assumed that the neural signatures of speech processing are likewise affected.…”

Section: Neural Speech Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural and Cognitive Effects of Hearing Loss on Speech Processing

Petersen¹

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Understanding speech in the presence of background noise can be difficulty and even more so if you suffer from a hearing loss. Although speech understanding depends on hearing acuity, the individual capacity to perform higher-order Working Memory (WM) processing also plays an important role (Lunner, 2003). Despite the impact of cognition on speech processing, it has yet to be determined how hearing loss influences neural signatures of WM processing. By examining the dynamic behaviour of the electroencephalogram (EEG), it is possible to investigate how hearing loss and listening condition affect the neural processing of speech.The aim of the current thesis was to investigate how hearing loss in elderly listeners influenced speech processing by examining both behavioural and neural measures of the cognitive involvement. In three studies, we tested the hypothesis that hearing loss and adverse listening conditions result in increased cognitive involvement. In the first study (Paper I), worse hearing and lower WM capacity related to poorer performance in a speech-in-noise task where the sound sources were spatially co-located. In a similar speech-in-noise task with spatially separated sounds, the performance was influenced by hearing loss, but not WM capacity. This suggests that the reading span test, used for quantifying the WM capacity, inadequately describes the dynamic nature of the WM involvement under speech processing. In relation to the theoretical Ease of Language Understanding (ELU) model, the results partly confirmed the view that WM abilities are more important during speech processing for listeners suffering from a hearing loss. As suggested by the inconsistent observations in Paper I, there is a need for more objective and dynamic measures in order to understand the relation between WM processing, speech understanding, and hearing loss.An interesting, cheap, and potentially portable technology for objectively measuring the WM involvement during speech processing is EEG. As a measure of WM involvement, the alpha oscillations (~10 Hz activity in the EEG) was examined during an auditory delayed-match-to-sample task (Paper II). Despite equal taskperformance, alpha power was generally higher in listeners with worse hearing. This indicates that worse hearing is linearly related to higher cognitive load during speech processing. In the most difficult experimental condition, an alpha-power breakdown was observed for listeners with the highest degree of hearing loss. This suggests that the generation of alpha power reached an upper ceiling-level, resulting in a breakdown. The internal degradation of the auditory signal brought on by the hearing loss appear to require activation of additional WM resources in order to be overcome.A potential cause for this increased cognitive load in listeners with worse hearing was investigated in a competing-talker experiment in Paper III. Here, the effect of Abstract ii hearing loss on the ability to selectively attend to a particular speech stream was examined by cross-correla...

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Compensatory changes in cortical resource allocation in adults with hearing loss

Cited by 163 publications

References 77 publications

Time is of the essence in speech perception! : Get it fast, or think about it

Time is of the essence in speech perception! : Get it fast, or think about it

Fatores biológicos e socioculturais na avaliação do vocabulário receptivo em português oral de deficientes auditivos pós-linguais

Neural and Cognitive Effects of Hearing Loss on Speech Processing

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