Competing Outcomes After Neonatal and Infant Wait-listing for Heart Transplantation

Incidence and Risk Factors for Mortality in Infants Awaiting Heart Transplantation in the USA

“…Three-quarters of deaths occurred within the first 45 days after listing, underscoring the importance of timely transplant for higher-risk infants 3, 11 . Infants at higher risk for wait-list mortality included those on ECMO or ventilator support, those with CHD, small infants with weight <3 kg, and infants of non-white race/ethnicity.…”

Effect of ABO-Incompatible Listing on Infant Heart Transplant Waitlist Outcomes: Analysis of the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) Database

“…Because studies of infants awaiting heart transplant have found blood group O to be associated with higher waitlist mortality and longer interval to transplant, we prospectively identified patients with blood type O as a sub-group of interest, and analyses were repeated for this group. 10,11 The need for ECMO support has also been shown to predict waitlist mortality, 12 so patients supported by ECMO were identified prospectively and analyses were repeated.…”

ABO-Incompatible Heart Transplantation in Infants: Analysis of the United Network for Organ Sharing Database

“…The need for donor-to-recipient blood type compatibility has limited the allocation of donor organs, especially for infants with blood type O, who have to compete for hearts that are compatible with any of the other 3 blood types. 20,22 ABO-I heart transplantation is not done in adults because of the high mortality observed in inadvertent cases. In a survey by Cooper 19 of approximately 5,000 heart transplant recipients, 8 adults underwent ABO-I heart transplantation, and early survival was only 50%.…”