Competition and Coexistence Among Four Estuarine Species of<i>Fundulus</i>

Weisberg, Stephen B.

doi:10.1093/icb/26.1.249

Cited by 39 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Rather, the fish are limited both by the resources initially present in the ponds and the potential responses of the resources to rigors incurred while isolated there. Weisberg (1986) examined interactions among cooccurring estuarine species of Fundulus and concluded that competition rather than physiological tolerance to stress determined species richness in a given habitat. Poulin & FitzGerald (1989) on the other hand concluded that survival and growth of 3 salt marsh sticklebacks were influenced to a greater degree by factors such as salinity, temperature, dissolved oxygen, and water regime than by competitive interactions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual and interactive effects of salinity and initial fish density on a salt marsh assemblage

Cl¹,

Wa²

1995

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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We used static outdoor mesocosms (155 1) to study the effects over 60 d of 3 levels of total fish density and 3 levels of salinity (1, 5, and 32 ppt) on growth and survival of juvenile fish (silversides Menidia beryllina, hereafter referred to as Menidia; and sheepshead minnows Cyprinodon variegatus, hereafter Cyprinodon) that are common to salt marsh pools of the eastern United States. Interactions between these 2 species and rainwater killifish Lucania parva (hereafter Lucania) were also examined. There was a general decline in the rate of growth and the percentage survival with increasing fish density. Salinity and density interacted significantly such that the percentage survival of Cyprinodon was lowest in the high salinity-high density treatment compared to most other treatments. It did not appear that Cyprinodon or Menidia interacted strongly with Lucania, since growth and survival of the former 2 species were Independent of abundance of Lucania. Fish simultaneously maintalned in permeable enclosures in the field generally had similar or lower rates of growth than those in mesocosms, indicating that conditions in the mesocosms were not Inherently more stressful than conditions in natural salt marsh pools. It appears that t h~s fish assemblage 1s regulated in part by both a biotic (density/competition) and an abiotic factor (salinity). We conclude that, under circumstances in which conditions are severe due to high total fish density, a level of salinity that appears to be otherwise inconsequential may have important lmplicatlons for community structure by lmpactlng survlval of one species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual and interactive effects of salinity and initial fish density on a salt marsh assemblage

Cl¹,

Wa²

1995

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…In contrast, Weisberg (1986) and Dunson & Rowe (1996) suggested that biotic interactions may be more important. Combining these approaches, Rowe & Dunson (1995) showed that both abiotic (salinity) and biotic (competition) factors influence the growth and survival of 3 common salt-marsh pool residents: Cyprinodon variegatus (sheepshead minnow), Lucania parva (rainwater killifish), and Menidia beryllina (inland silverside).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Seasonally varying importance of abiotic and biotic factors in marsh-pond fish communities

Layman¹,

Smith²,

Herod³

2000

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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A series of field and laboratory experiments examined the factors that control fishassemblage structure in barrier islands ponds on the Eastern Shore of Virginia. We investigated why surf-zone fishes, which are introduced to the island ponds during periodic wash-over events, are unable to persist for extended periods. We simulated over-wash events by collecting fishes from the shallow surf-zone and introducing them into 0.56 m 2 field enclosures. During summer months, surfzone fishes typically died within 24 h. Levels of dissolved oxygen and temperature frequently exceeded the tolerance limits of the surf-zone fishes (demonstrated in a series of laboratory experiments), suggesting that these variables were responsible for fish mortality. In non-summer months, when dissolved oxygen and temperature stresses were ameliorated, surf-zone fishes could survive for months in the ponds. We conducted field-enclosure experiments at 3 fish densities in order to evaluate the survival and condition of a common surf-zone fish, Membras martinica (the rough silverside):

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“…Cyprindontiformes are a group of fishes characterized by species that are able to 'pick' individual prey items from the water column, surface or bottom (Weisberg, 1986;Taylor, 1992;Mansfield and Mcardle, 1998;Ferry-Graham et al, 2008). 'Picking' is defined as a subcategory of biting, where individual nutritive prey items are selected from among non-nutritive items (Motta, 1982(Motta, , 1985Horn and Ferry-Graham, 2006;Ferry-Graham et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional morphology and kinematics of terrestrial feeding in the largescale foureyes (Anableps anableps)

Michel

Aerts

Gibb

et al. 2015

Journal of Experimental Biology

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A major challenge for aquatic vertebrates that invade land is feeding in the terrestrial realm. The capacity of the gape to become parallel with the ground has been shown to be a key factor to allow fishes to feed on prey lying on a terrestrial surface. To do so, two strategies have been identified that involve a nose-down tilting of the head: (1) by pivoting on the pectoral fins as observed in mudskippers, and (2) curling of the anterior part of the body supported by a long and flexible eel-like body as shown in eel-catfish. Although Anableps anableps successfully feeds on land, it does not possess an eel-like body or pectoral fins to support or lift the anterior part of the body. We identified the mechanism of terrestrial prey capture in A. anableps by studying kinematics and functional morphology of the cranial structures, using high-speed video and graphical 3D reconstructions from computed tomography scans. In contrast to the previously described mechanisms, A. anableps relies solely on upper and lower jaw movement for re-orientation of the gape towards the ground. The premaxilla is protruded anteroventrally, and the lower jaw is depressed to a right angle with the substrate. Both the lower and upper jaws are selectively positioned onto the prey. Anableps anableps thereby uses the jaw protrusion mechanism previously described for other cyprinodontiforms to allow a continued protrusion of the premaxilla even while closing the jaws. Several structural adaptations appear to allow more controlled movements and increased amplitude of anterior and ventral protrusion of the upper jaw compared with other cyprinodontiforms.

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Competition and Coexistence Among Four Estuarine Species ofFundulus

Cited by 39 publications

References 27 publications

Individual and interactive effects of salinity and initial fish density on a salt marsh assemblage

Individual and interactive effects of salinity and initial fish density on a salt marsh assemblage

Seasonally varying importance of abiotic and biotic factors in marsh-pond fish communities

Functional morphology and kinematics of terrestrial feeding in the largescale foureyes (Anableps anableps)

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