Competition and Gender Prejudice: Are Discriminatory Employers Doomed to Fail?

Wéber, Andrea; Zulehner, Christine

doi:10.2139/ssrn.1494866

Cited by 32 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 36 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…To our knowledge, the influence of competition on the wage gap between gay and straight men has not been considered, but several papers have considered how competition influences the gender wage gap using the predictions of Becker (1957)'s model. Using various datasets, studies have found evidence of a shrinking gender wage gap consistent with model predictions in West Germany (Hirsch et al 2014), Sweden (Heyman et al 2013), Hungary (Jolliffe and Campos 2005), Austria (Weber and Zulehner 2014), Japan (Kawaguchi 2007), as well as crosscountry studies (Weichselbaumer and Winter-Ebmer 2007;Zweimuller et al 2008). Within the United States, Black and Brainerd (2004) analyze the influence of competition from trade and the gender wage gap across industries and find evidence that increasing trade reduces the ability of firms to discriminate against women.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…The results are quantitatively and qualitatively similar to our main results and available upon request. 7 A summary of results related to the gender wage gap and predictions of the taste based discrimination model can be found in Weber and Zulehner (2014). from states in the South or in highly religious regions may indicate the presence of wage gap while another indirect test using data from other regions and less religious areas may indicate a lack of a wage gap driven by discrimination.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Taste‐Based Discrimination, Tolerance and the Wage Gap: When Does Economic Freedom Help Gay Men?

Christafore¹,

Leguizamon

2019

Kyklos

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary Although gay men have reported experiencing labor market discrimination, re‐ search studies on a potentially discriminatory wage gap have reported mixed findings. We consider the Becker model of taste based discrimination which hypothesizes that we will observe, in the presence of discrimination, a smaller or non‐existent wage gap in more competitive markets. Using economic freedom at the state level as a measure of market competitiveness, and controlling for other influential characteristics, we analyze the wages of over 300,000 men in the United States to consider how economic freedom influences the wage gap between cohabitating gay men and married straight men be‐ tween the years 2000 and 2014. We find evidence consistent with model predictions in the presence of labor market discrimination for the states in the South and regions with the highest concentrations of religious households but not in the Northeast, West and less religious regions. Given the lower levels of public support of gay rights in the South and religious regions, this result suggests that gay men may be experiencing la‐ bor market discrimination in these regions but not in regions which typically offer more public support. These findings may help reconcile contradictory findings in previous research which did not explicitly allow for differential regional and religious influences.

show abstract

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taste‐Based Discrimination, Tolerance and the Wage Gap: When Does Economic Freedom Help Gay Men?

Christafore¹,

Leguizamon

2019

Kyklos

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…6 Looking at economic 4. For a more formal discussion of this theoretical framework see Weber and Zulehner (2009). 5.…”

Section: Data and Institutional Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In an earlier version of this paper we tried using the gender composition of potential applicants in the labor market as an instrument for the relative share of female workers (Weber and Zulehner, ). However, this instrument constructed from the female share in all new jobs at the region x time x industry level does not provide sufficient variation to obtain conclusive results.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Competition and Gender Prejudice: Are Discriminatory Employers Doomed to Fail?

Wéber

Zulehner

2014

Journal of the European Economic Association

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. The working papers published in the Series constitute work in progress circulated to stimulate discussion and critical comments. Views expressed represent exclusively the authors' own opinions and do not necessarily refl ect those of the editors. Terms of use: Documents in Ruhr Economic Papers #146

show abstract

“…For example, Kawaguchi (2007) reports that Japanese firms that are more willing to hire females tend to be more profitable. Weber and Zulehner (2014) also report that Austrian firms with lower female employee shares have lower survival rates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Three Essays on Institutional Economics of Gender

Tackett¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This dissertation is a collection of essays that incorporate institutional analysis into Economics of Gender research. I specifically consider the role of institutional arrangements in the economic status of women, opportunities the institutional arrangements create for women, and outcomes of changes in institutional arrangements that affect women. In chapter 2 I investigate the relationship between income distribution inequality and labor mobility, as globalization is viewed in the existing literature as aiding income inequality by allowing greater capital mobility but not mobility of labor. The literature argues that globalization creates changes in bargaining power for labor and capital owners thus decreasing income share received by labor. I find that while male mobility is indeed negatively related to labor share, female mobility has a positive association with labor share. In chapter 3 I estimate the relationship between the institutions of economic freedom and women's share of managers. The motivation is policymakers' concerns with low female representation in leadership positions, which among others include women in corporate management. I find a positive relationship between the two, implying that less regulated markets provide incentives that favor less gender discrimination for this type of employment. In chapter 4, jointly with Andrew Young, we seek to explain the relationship between female suffrage rights and government growth while taking spatial dependence effects into account. Women and men have different preferences when it comes to publicly provided goods. Specifically women prefer higher government spending on health and education. Literature has linked this distinction in preferences and women suffrage rights to government growth in the U.S. At the same time, local governments have been shown to engage in yardstick competition creating spatial spillovers. We find no relationship between government overall spending and taxation levels with suffrage rights implementation, after we control for spatial correlation. We additionally find that spending on social services by a state has a positive association with suffrage rights being implemented in that state and neighboring states. For example, that granting female suffrage rights in one state is associated with higher government spending on social services in neighboring states.

show abstract

Competition and Gender Prejudice: Are Discriminatory Employers Doomed to Fail?

Cited by 32 publications

References 36 publications

Taste‐Based Discrimination, Tolerance and the Wage Gap: When Does Economic Freedom Help Gay Men?

Taste‐Based Discrimination, Tolerance and the Wage Gap: When Does Economic Freedom Help Gay Men?

Competition and Gender Prejudice: Are Discriminatory Employers Doomed to Fail?

Three Essays on Institutional Economics of Gender

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About