Competition Between Anisopteromalus calandrae and Choetospila elegans (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) at Different Parasitoid Densities on Immature Maize Weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Corn

Wen, Biran; Smith, Leila; Brower, John

doi:10.1093/ee/23.2.367

Cited by 21 publications

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“…For example, the sex ratio was higher at 12 females than at 8 females per box (Table 1). Our results agree with those of Wen et al 16 , who reported that the sex ratio (female:male) of A. calandrae progeny decreased as the number of parasitoids added per box increased. In contrast, Ryoo et al 17 found that the sex ratios of A. calandrae progeny were not significantly affected by the numbers of parasitoids added.…”

Section: Short-term Experimentssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The parasitoid emergence (PE) was given by PE = [(the number of parasitoids that emerged in each replicate)/(the average number of rice weevils that emerged when no parasitoids were added)]. The weevil emergence (WE) was given by WE = [(the number of rice weevils that emerged in each replicate)/(the average number of rice weevils that emerged when no parasitoids were added)] 16,17 . In the short-term experiment, one-way ANOVAs were used to determine the effect of parasitoid density on PIM, PE, WE, and progeny sex ratio (female:male).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The female wasp parasitizes coleopteran larvae that are feeding inside the grain kernels. The potential for control of S. zeamais by A. calandrae in maize has been demonstrated 9,10,16,17 . In the laboratory, Helbig 18 found that A. calandrae suppressed S. zeamais on maize by 23% relative to the untreated control.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chaisaeng¹,

Chongrattanameteekul²,

Visarathanonth³

et al. 2010

ScienceAsia

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Anisopteromalus calandrae (Howard), a cosmopolitan parasitoid, attacks several beetle pests of stored products, including the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais (Motschulsky). Two laboratory experiments were conducted at ambient conditions (25-29°C, 60-70% RH, natural photoperiod). A short-term experiment evaluated the density of A. calandrae (0, 4, 8, 12, 16, or 20 per box) for the optimal production of parasitoids in 3825-cm 3 boxes containing milled rice. The percentage of parasitoid emergence was highest and the percentages of weevil emergence and parasitoid-induced mortality i.e., parasitoid mortality resulting from superparasitism were relatively low with 16 females per box rather than with smaller (0 to 12) or larger (20) numbers of females added per box. The decline in parasitoid emergence at the highest parasitoid density tested (20 females per box) was probably due to superparasitism. A long-term experiment was conducted to determine the parasitoid densities (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, or 10 per bottle) that most effectively suppress weevils in milled rice during 6 months of storage in 1-l bottles. To simulate repetitive release of parasitoid, the same number of parasitoids was introduced after each monthly sampling. The number of maize weevils decreased as parasitoid density increased. The best control was obtained with 10 female parasitoids per bottle. At this density, the number of emerged weevil remained stable from the third to the sixth month. Based on the short-term experiment, a parasitoid-host ratio of 1:47 will produce the largest number of parasitoids. Based on the long-term experiment, a parasitoid-host ratio of 1:30 will provide the best control of maize weevils in a monthly release program. The current results indicate that large-scale experiments on biological control of the maize weevil with A. calandrae are now needed.

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Section: Short-term Experimentssupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chaisaeng¹,

Chongrattanameteekul²,

Visarathanonth³

et al. 2010

ScienceAsia

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“…In this study, we compared situations of single and multiple infestations of rice and wheat grain by two serious primary stored‐product pests, S. oryzae and R. dominica . Both R. dominica and S. oryzae are already known to be suitable hosts for T. elegans (Wen et al., ; Flinn, ). In our study, R. dominica was a better host for T. elegans than S. oryzae .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predator‐parasitoid‐host interaction: biological control of Rhyzopertha dominica and Sitophilus oryzae by a combination of Xylocoris flavipes and Theocolax elegans in stored cereals

Adarkwah

Obeng‐Ofori

Opuni‐Frimpong

et al. 2019

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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Post‐harvest management constraints are economically significant in Africa for a broad range of commodities, resulting in a substantial negative impact on food security and livelihoods. Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) coexists with Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera: Dryophthoridae) – they infest stored cereal grains, especially in sub‐Saharan Africa, and cause significant losses in storage. Laboratory studies were carried out to determine the efficacy of Xylocoris flavipes (Reuter) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) and Theocolax elegans (Westwood) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), alone or in combination, in suppressing populations of R. dominica and S. oryzae in stored rice and wheat grains. The weight loss and moisture of the infested grains were assessed, for the various combinations of the two pest insects and the two natural enemies. In rice there was a synergistic effect of the combined release of T. elegans and X. flavipes against both R. dominica and S. oryzae compared to the effect of one natural enemy alone. With the combined release, only 2% F1 progeny of the pest beetles emerged compared to the untreated control (100%), whereas 3.5 and 6% emerged when X. flavipes and T. elegans, respectively, were released alone. When the two natural enemies were released in combination, 0.4% R. dominica F1 progeny emerged, compared to 1.6% with X. flavipes or T. elegans alone. In the combined release only 0.3% S. oryzae F1 progeny emerged, whereas 65% emerged with X. flavipes alone and 41% with T. elegans alone. No synergistic effect of the combined release of the two natural enemies was detected in wheat. In stored rice, the lowest percentage of weight loss (44%) was found when both natural enemies and both beetle species were present. We conclude that the combination of the predator and the parasitoid should be recommended when R. domininca and S. oryzae coexist and feed on stored cereals, especially rice.

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“…Todavia, efeitos negativos podem ocorrer com as interações, uma vez que os inimigos naturais podem afetar-se mutuamente (Brower & Press 1988, Wen et al 1994. Embora a efi cácia de um dos inimigos naturais possa ser diminuída, a redução da população do hospedeiro sob a ação dos organismos associados pode ser maior do que se as espécies estivessem sozinhas (Keller 1984).…”

Section: Resumo -A Interação Entre Acarophenax Lacunatusunclassified

Interação entre Acarophenax lacunatus (Cross & Krantz) (Prostigmata: Acarophenacidae) e Anisopteromalus calandrae (Howard) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) sobre Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae)

Gonçalves¹,

Faroni²,

Guedes³

et al. 2006

Neotrop. Entomol.

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-The interaction between Acarophenax lacunatus (Cross & Krantz) and Anisopteromalus calandrae (Howard) may be a promising tool for the integrated pest management of stored grain insect pests. The objective of this study was to evaluate the compatibility of these two natural enemies on Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius). The experimental units were petri dishes (140 x 10 mm) containing 30 g of whole wheat grains (13% water content) infested with 20 adults of R. dominica. The treatments consisted of inoculation of A. lacunatus and A. calandrae, separately and associated, in eight replicates. Three inoculations of fi ve adult females of the natural enemies were carried out in each petri dish at fi ve, ten and fi fteen days after the infestation of R. dominica. All treatments were stored during 60 days in environmental chamber at 30 ± 1°C, 60 ± 5% relative humidity and 24h scotophase. The smallest numbers of physogastric females of A. lacunatus and of adults of A. calandrae were obtained when the natural enemies were in association. The use of A. calandrae alone demonstrated a low instantaneous rate of increase (r i ) of R. dominica and a high protection of the wheat grains. The association of A. calandrae with A. lacunatus led to the lowest number of immatures of R. dominica. These results demonstrate the importance of this interaction as a tool of for the integrated management of R. dominica in stored wheat grains.

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Competition Between Anisopteromalus calandrae and Choetospila elegans (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) at Different Parasitoid Densities on Immature Maize Weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Corn

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

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Predator‐parasitoid‐host interaction: biological control of Rhyzopertha dominica and Sitophilus oryzae by a combination of Xylocoris flavipes and Theocolax elegans in stored cereals

Interação entre Acarophenax lacunatus (Cross & Krantz) (Prostigmata: Acarophenacidae) e Anisopteromalus calandrae (Howard) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) sobre Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae)

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