Competition in Biofilms between Cystic Fibrosis Isolates of
            <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>
            Is Shaped by R-Pyocins

Oluyombo, Olubukola; Penfold, Christopher N.; Diggle, Stephen P.

doi:10.1128/mbio.01828-18

Cited by 79 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…This aligns with our main observation that PES is more likely to dominate CF respiratory communities than uPA strains, suggesting that PES may have an enhanced competitive advantage in airway communities. This is in keeping with the ability of PES and epidemic strains to "displace" previous infecting uPA during super-infection events (Fothergill et al, 2012;Parkins et al, 2014Parkins et al, , 2018Oluyombo et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Cystic Fibrosis Patients Infected With Epidemic Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strains Have Unique Microbial Communities

Acosta

Waddell

Heirali

et al. 2020

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the archetypal cystic fibrosis (CF) pathogen. However, the clinical course experienced by infected individuals varies markedly. Understanding these differences is imperative if further improvements in outcomes are to be achieved. Multiple studies have found that patients infected with epidemic P. aeruginosa (ePA) strains may have a worse clinical prognosis than those infected with unique, non-clonal strains. Additionally, the traditionally uncultured CF lung bacterial community (i.e., CF microbiome) may further influence the outcome. We sought to identify if these two important variables, not identified through routine culture, associate and together may contribute to disease pathogenesis. Patients were classified as being infected with Prairie Epidemic ePA (PES) or a non-clonal strain, unique PA strains (uPA), through a retrospective assessment of a comprehensive strain biobank using a combination of PFGE and PES-specific PCR. Patients were matched to age, sex, time-period controls and sputum samples from equivalent time periods were identified from a sputum biobank. Bacterial 16S rRNA gene profiling and Pseudomonas qPCR was used to characterize the respiratory microbiome. We identified 31 patients infected with PES and matched them with uPA controls. Patients infected with PES at baseline have lower microbial diversity (P = 0.02) and higher P. aeruginosa relative abundance (P < 0.005). Microbial community structure was found to cluster by PA strain type, although it was not the main determinant of community structure as additional factors were also found to be drivers of CF community structure. Communities from PES infected individuals were enriched with Pseudomonas, Streptococcus and Prevotella OTUs. The disproportionate disease experienced by ePA infected CF patients may be mediated through a combination of pathogen-pathogen factors as opposed to strictly enhanced virulence of infecting P. aeruginosa strains.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Cystic Fibrosis Patients Infected With Epidemic Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strains Have Unique Microbial Communities

Acosta

Waddell

Heirali

et al. 2020

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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“…Conversely, the only other microcosm experiment that used clinically-derived isolates with a similar design to this 28 indicated that there was a greater level of synergistic interactions occurring. We consider that our results suggest an ecological mechanism as to how P. aeruginosa dominates an infectious community which is in contrast to the production of bacteriocins 45 , however, we saw no evidence of this in our study.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 87%

Bacterial dominance is due to effective utilisation of secondary metabolites produced by competitors

Morgan

Warren

Mewis

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Interactions between bacteria govern the progression of respiratory infections; however, the mechanisms underpinning these interactions are still unclear. Understanding how a bacterial species comes to dominate infectious communities associated with respiratory infections has direct relevance to treatment. In this study, Burkholderia, Pseudomonas, and Staphylococcus species were isolated from the sputum of an individual with Cystic Fibrosis and assembled in a fully factorial design to create simple microcosms. Measurements of growth and habitat modification were recorded over time, the later using proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectra. The results showed interactions between the bacteria became increasingly neutral over time. Concurrently, the bacteria significantly altered their ability to modify the environment, with Pseudomonas able to utilise secondary metabolites produced by the other two isolates, whereas the reverse was not observed. This study indicates the importance of including data about the habitat modification of a community, to better elucidate the mechanisms of bacterial interactions.

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“…In a separate study, R pyocins produced by one CF strain were necessary to outcompete another in a biofilm competition assay. When both strains lacked the ability to produce R pyocins, or when isolates producing the same R-pyocin subtype were grown together, the bacteria coexisted as a patchwork (adjacent communities) of individual strains [169]. Hence, these studies show that LPS-mediated pyocin susceptibility drives changes in the biofilm architecture and community, which may have downstream effects on disease outcomes.…”

Section: Phages and Pyocinsmentioning

confidence: 86%

The Role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Lipopolysaccharide in Bacterial Pathogenesis and Physiology

2019

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The major constituent of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria is lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which is comprised of lipid A, core oligosaccharide, and O antigen, which is a long polysaccharide chain extending into the extracellular environment. Due to the localization of LPS, it is a key molecule on the bacterial cell wall that is recognized by the host to deploy an immune defence in order to neutralize invading pathogens. However, LPS also promotes bacterial survival in a host environment by protecting the bacteria from these threats. This review explores the relationship between the different LPS glycoforms of the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the ability of this organism to cause persistent infections, especially in the genetic disease cystic fibrosis. We also discuss the role of LPS in facilitating biofilm formation, antibiotic resistance, and how LPS may be targeted by new antimicrobial therapies.

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Competition in Biofilms between Cystic Fibrosis Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Is Shaped by R-Pyocins

Cited by 79 publications

References 26 publications

Cystic Fibrosis Patients Infected With Epidemic Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strains Have Unique Microbial Communities

Cystic Fibrosis Patients Infected With Epidemic Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strains Have Unique Microbial Communities

Bacterial dominance is due to effective utilisation of secondary metabolites produced by competitors

The Role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Lipopolysaccharide in Bacterial Pathogenesis and Physiology

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