Competitive Rebel Governance in Syria

Schwab, Regine

doi:10.1007/978-981-99-1335-0_5

Rebel Governance in the Middle East 2023

DOI: 10.1007/978-981-99-1335-0_5

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Competitive Rebel Governance in Syria

Regine Schwab

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2023

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Cited by 2 publications

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The Supply and Demand of Rebel Governance

Florea,

Malejacq

2023

International Studies Review

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A recent wave of civil conflict scholarship examines rebel governance, the process through which insurgent groups organize local affairs in areas under their control. While current research predominantly focuses on the supply side of rebel governance, the attention given to the demand side has been relatively limited. In this study, we take stock of recent scholarship on the dynamic relationship between rebels and civilians to theoretically explore the supply side of rebel governance and develop a new demand-side typology that captures the key factors influencing civilian preferences regarding the nature of rebel rule. Specifically, we argue that demand for rebel governance is mainly shaped by the interaction between civilians’ perceptions of the state and civilian–rebel compatibility, which we define as civilians’ perceptions of the compatibility of the rebel group with their own values, ideology, identity, and preferred modes of socio-political organization. To illustrate our main theoretical points, we draw upon insights gleaned from multiple insurgencies. Our study significantly enhances our understanding of how rebel–civilian interactions mold the fabric of political order in civil war environments.

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The Supply and Demand of Rebel Governance

Florea,

Malejacq

2023

International Studies Review

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Same Same but Different? Ideological Differentiation and Intra-jihadist Competition in the Syrian Civil War

Schwab

2022

Journal of Global Security Studies

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How do rebel groups survive and thrive in multiparty civil wars where numerous groups not only fight against a common enemy but also compete with each other for support, recruits, and resources? Literature on the internal dynamics of civil wars has mostly focused on violence as the negative side of inter-rebel competition. The aim of this paper is threefold: First, it aims at explaining when armed groups attempt to use ideological differentiation instead of violence against rivals. Second, it analyzes when this strategy will succeed, and third, it demonstrates what successful differentiation means. The argument is probed by analyzing the puzzling case of Ahrar al-Sham in the Syrian war that emerged as both winner and loser of intra-jihadist competition with the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS) and Jabhat al-Nusra/Hayat Tahrir al-Sham. Next to offering a new and original analysis of one of the most important Syrian insurgent groups based on interviews and primary documents, the article studies an under-researched rebel strategy whose use is relevant not only for armed groups themselves but also for local civilians, prospective recruits, and external supporters.

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Competitive Rebel Governance in Syria

Cited by 2 publications

References 34 publications

The Supply and Demand of Rebel Governance

The Supply and Demand of Rebel Governance

Same Same but Different? Ideological Differentiation and Intra-jihadist Competition in the Syrian Civil War

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