A field study of the distribution of traces of lead and zinc in weathering products, particularly residual and alluvial soils, was made in the Nyeba lead-zinc district, southern Nigeria. Similar geochemical work in temperate climates has shown that systematic sampling and trace analysis of residual soils and other weathering products hold considerable promise as a method of mineral exploration. The purpose of the present investigation was to learn whether geochemical methods of prospecting would apply equally well in a tropical environment.The program consisted principally of detailed studies of the distribution of lead and zinc in residual and alluvial cover over known lead-zinc lodes, followed by experimental reconnaissance sampling surveys to determine the feasibility of large-scale geochemical prospecting work. A chemical kit was shipped to the field area and used for obtaining prompt analytical data to assist in guiding the sampling program.As a result of these experiments, it is concluded that the metal content of small, near-surface samples of residual soil collected at a spacing of 100 feet would be adequate to show the location of the important lead-zinc lodes of the Nyeba district, and that the metal content of deeper samples of alluvial soil collected at a spacing not greater than the width of the lode would indicate the presence of sulfides beneath alluvial cover.An all-African crew was trained to do all but a minor part of the routine work of sample collection and analysis.