Complement System in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Riihilä, Pilvi; Nissinen, Liisa; Knuutila, Jaakko; Nezhad, Pegah Rahmati; Viiklepp, K.; Kähäri, Veli‐Matti

doi:10.3390/ijms20143550

Cited by 29 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 115 publications

(232 reference statements)

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“…The balance between cancer and immune system is a milestone for the malignant cell development and this event is considered critical for the SCC development [ 98 , 99 ]. Many studies have suggested that disruption of immune-editing phases is required for SCC, while both UV exposure and viral infections cooperate for the impairment of immune system response.…”

Section: Squamous Cell Carcinomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Melanoma Skin Cancers: Biological and Clinical Features

Cives

Mannavola

Lospalluti

et al. 2020

IJMS

133

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Non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs) include basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC). These neoplasms are highly diverse in their clinical presentation, as well as in their biological evolution. While the deregulation of the Hedgehog pathway is commonly observed in BCC, SCC and MCC are characterized by a strikingly elevated mutational and neoantigen burden. As result of our improved understanding of the biology of non-melanoma skin cancers, innovative treatment options including inhibitors of the Hedgehog pathway and immunotherapeutic agents have been recently investigated against these malignancies, leading to their approval by regulatory authorities. Herein, we review the most relevant biological and clinical features of NMSC, focusing on innovative treatment approaches.

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Section: Squamous Cell Carcinomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Melanoma Skin Cancers: Biological and Clinical Features

Cives

Mannavola

Lospalluti

et al. 2020

IJMS

133

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“…It is also worth mentioning that the inhibitors of complement signals act in a relatively systematic manner to the in-depth investigation of complement signaling in non-tumor immune-related diseases, such as organ transplantation. There are at least 30 inhibitors or neutralizing antibodies targeting 14 complement signaling molecules that are currently undergoing clinical trials ( Riihila et al, 2019 ), as represented by eculizumab, an inhibitor of C5, recently has been reported to effectively re-establishes regulation of the innate immune complement system to substantially reduce the pathophysiological manifestations of human CHAPLE disease ( Ozen et al, 2021 ) and IPH5401, a C5aR neutralizing antibody was combined with Durvalumab to treat Patients with advanced solid tumors (STELLAR-001) (Clinical trail, NCT number: 03665129). All of the above descripted suggest that in numerous tumors, including malignant gliomas, targeting complement signaling pathways may become a new, effective, and easy treatment strategy in the future.…”

Section: Therapeutic Opportunitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeting the Complement Pathway in Malignant Glioma Microenvironments

Zhu

Zhang

et al. 2021

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Malignant glioma is a highly fatal type of brain tumor, and its reoccurrence is largely due to the ordered interactions among the components present in the complex microenvironment. Besides its role in immune surveillance and clearance under physiological conditions, the complement system is expressed in a variety of tumor types and mediates the interactions within the tumor microenvironments. Recent studies have uncovered the broad expression spectrum of complement signaling molecules in the tumor microenvironment and various tumor cells, in particular, malignant glioma cells. Involvement of the complement system in tumor growth, immunosuppression and phenotype transition have also been elucidated. In this review, we enumerate the expression and function of complement molecules in multiple tumor types reported. Moreover, we elaborate the complement pathways in glioma cells and various components of malignant glioma microenvironments. Finally, we summarize the possibility of the complement molecules as prognostic factors and therapeutic targets in the treatment of malignant glioma. Specific targeting of the complement system maybe of great significance and value in the future treatment of multi-type tumors including malignant glioma.

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“…[ 37,40 ] Similar driver gene mutations have been identified even in chronically sun‐exposed normal epidermal keratinocytes in chronically sun‐exposed normal looking skin indicating that other alterations, for example in non‐coding RNAs and in the microenvironment of premalignant lesions, are required in the keratinocyte carcinogenesis towards invasive cSCC. [ 15,41,42 ]…”

Section: Keratinocyte Carcinomasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Matrix metalloproteinases in keratinocyte carcinomas

Riihilä

Nissinen

Kähäri

2020

Experimental Dermatology

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Cutaneous malignancies are the most common cancers worldwide, and their incidence is increasing globally causing mortality in ageing population. Non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSC) are classified to keratinocyte-derived basal cell carcinoma (BCC), and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), which are the most common cutaneous malignancies and more than a third of patients develop multiple tumors. [1-3] Other types of non-melanoma skin cancer, including Merkel cell carcinoma, adnexal tumors and sarcomas, are less common and differ in their cell type, behaviour and epidemiology from keratinocyte carcinomas (KC). [1] Therefore, KC has become the

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Complement System in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Cited by 29 publications

References 115 publications

Non-Melanoma Skin Cancers: Biological and Clinical Features

Non-Melanoma Skin Cancers: Biological and Clinical Features

Targeting the Complement Pathway in Malignant Glioma Microenvironments

Matrix metalloproteinases in keratinocyte carcinomas

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