Complementary and Alternative Medicine Treatment Options for Otitis Media

Marom, Tal; Marchisio, Paola; Tamir, Sharon Ovnat; Torretta, Sara; Gavriel, Haim; Esposito, Susanna

doi:10.1097/md.0000000000002695

Cited by 44 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Whereas numerous genetic polymorphisms have been described in genes encoding proteins involved in innate immunity, their clinical relevance to risk and severity of disease is still unknown in children. Improved understanding of the interactions between the host innate immune system and otopathogens may lead to a wider range of treatment options 220 .…”

Section: Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Otitis media

Schilder

Chonmaitree

Cripps

et al. 2016

Nat Rev Dis Primers

414

361

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Otitis media (OM) or middle ear inflammation is a spectrum of diseases, including acute otitis media (AOM), otitis media with effusion (OME; 'glue ear') and chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM). OM is among the most common diseases in young children worldwide. Although OM may resolve spontaneously without complications, it can be associated with hearing loss and life-long sequelae. In developing countries, CSOM is a leading cause of hearing loss. OM can be of bacterial or viral origin; during 'colds', viruses can ascend through the Eustachian tube to the middle ear and pave the way for bacterial otopathogens that reside in the nasopharynx. Diagnosis depends on typical signs and symptoms, such as acute ear pain and bulging of the tympanic membrane (eardrum) for AOM and hearing loss for OME; diagnostic modalities include (pneumatic) otoscopy, tympanometry and audiometry. Symptomatic management of ear pain and fever is the mainstay of AOM treatment, reserving antibiotics for children with severe, persistent or recurrent infections. Management of OME largely consists of watchful waiting, with ventilation (tympanostomy) tubes primarily for children with chronic effusions and hearing loss, developmental delays or learning difficulties. The role of hearing aids to alleviate symptoms of hearing loss in the management of OME needs further study. Insertion of ventilation tubes and adenoidectomy are common operations for recurrent AOM to prevent recurrences, but their effectiveness is still debated. Despite reports of a decline in the incidence of OM over the past decade, attributed to the implementation of clinical guidelines that promote accurate diagnosis and judicious use of antibiotics and to pneumococcal conjugate vaccination, OM continues to be a leading cause for medical consultation, antibiotic prescription and surgery in high-income countries.

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Section: Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Otitis media

Schilder

Chonmaitree

Cripps

et al. 2016

Nat Rev Dis Primers

414

361

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“…A preventive strategy could be therefore very fruitful. In this regard, an interesting option has been highlighted by the study of the microbiome [54,55]. On the other hand, the physiological rhino-pharyngeal microbiome does constitutively inhibit the growth of local pathogens.…”

Section: Adenoiditismentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammation, infection, and allergy of upper airways: new insights from national and real-world studies

Varricchio¹,

Mantia

Brunese³

et al. 2020

Ital J Pediatr

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The upper airways (UA) should be considered as a functional unit. Current functional anatomy divides URT in three, mutually dependent, "junction boxes": i) the ostio-meatal complex (OMC), ii) the spheno-ethmoidal recess (SER), and iii) the rhinopharynx (RP). Correct ventilation and effective mucociliary clearance of these sites significantly affect the healthy physiology of the entire respiratory system. The OMC, SER, and RP obstruction is the first pathogenic step in the inflammatory/infectious cascade of UA disorders. The inflammation of the respiratory mucosa is the main pathogenic factor for airway obstruction. Moreover, bacterial biofilm (a strategy modality of bacterial survival) is an important local cause of systemic antibiotic ineffectiveness, recurrent infections, and antibiotic resistance. Health microbiota guarantees UA wellness; on the contrary, dysbiosis promotes and worsens UA infections. Allergy, namely type 2 inflammation, is a common cause of UA obstruction such as promoting in turn infections. Fiberoptic endoscopy is a mandatory diagnostic tool in clinical practice. Nasal cytology, mainly concerning flow cytometry, allows defining rhinitis phenotypes so allowing a precision medicine approach. Several conventional therapeutic approaches are available, but efficacy and safety should be ever properly considered before the prescription. Also, complementary medicine plays a fruitful role in the management of UA diseases. National and real-world studies are reported and discussed as they may be useful in daily clinical practice.

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“…Some authors advocate that Vitamin D may be effective in the treatment of respiratory tract infections. [18][19][20][21][22] Our study indicates an increased duration of treatment in patients with Vitamin D deficiency. This 1.79-fold increased duration of treatment may lead to the increased cost of treatment and decreased quality of life during treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Vitamin D in Patients with Otitis Media with Effusion

Dündar¹,

Timurkaynak²,

Demirbaş³

et al. 2018

KBB ve BBC Dergisi

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Vitamin D has multiple functions other than calcium metabolism. However, there exists a paucity of data to explain the role of Vitamin D deficiency in patients with otitis media with effusion (OME). M Ma at te er ri ia al l a an nd d M Me et th ho od ds s: : This retrospective review of OME with 320 patients was conducted from 2014 to 2016. The case files of patients with OME were analyzed retrospectively and patients were included in the study if 25(OH)D levels were available. Physician documented visit records were identified and statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS version 21 (IBM, Armonk, NY). R Re es su ul lt ts s: : Of the initial 320 patients with OME, 67 patients had 25(OH)D levels available. 18 out of 67 patients were excluded from the study based on exclusion criteria further detailed in the study. A total of 30 boys (61.2%) and 19 girls (38.8%) were included with mean age 5.85±2.74 years. The mean 25OHVitaminD level was 16.87. 18 of 49 patients had 25OHVitaminD deficiency (Group 1). 31 patients had 25OHVita-minD level ≥15 (Group 2). The mean duration of treatment was 6.83 weeks and 3.80 weeks in Group 1 and Group 2 respectively (p: 0.010). 8 of 18 patients (44.4%) in the Group 1 underwent ventilation tube insertion while 4 of 31 patients (12.9%) underwent ventilation tube insertion in the Group 2 (p: 0.018). There was no statistical significance between the subgroups addressing to age, sex, primary symptom, history of smoking at home, type of house heating. C Co on nc cl lu us si io on n: : There is a significant association between 25OHVitaminD deficiency and treatment outcomes of OME. K Ke ey yw wo or rd ds s: : Otitis media with effusion; ventilation tube insertion; vitamin D; hypovitaminoz Ö ÖZ ZE ET T A Am ma aç ç: : D vitamininin kalsiyum metabolizmasının yanı sıra bir çok fonksiyonu olmakla beraber Efüzyonlu Otitis Media (EOM) ve D vitamin eksikliği arasındaki ilişki tam olarak açıklığa kavuşturulamamıştır. G Ge er re eç ç v ve e Y Yö ön nt te em ml le er r: : 2014-2016 yılları arasında EOM tanılı 320 hasta dosyası retrospektif olarak incelendi ve eğer hastadan herhangi bir nedenle 25(OH)D seviyesi çalışılmış ise çalışmaya dahil edildi. Hastaların kontrollerindeki fizik muayene bulguları ve laboratuvar verileri SPSS-21 (IBM, Amarok, NY) programı ile analiz edildi. B Bu ul lg gu ul la ar r: : 320 EOM tanılı hastanın 67'sinde 25(OH) D seviyesinin çalışılmış olduğu görüldü. 67 hastanın 18'i dışlama kriterleri nedeni ile çalışmadan çıkarıldı. 30 erkek (%61,2) ve 19 kız (%38,8) hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi. Ortalama yaş 5,85±2,74 yıl ve ortalama 25(OH)D seviyesi 16,87 idi. 49 hastanın 18'inde 25(OH)D eksikliği tespit edilmiş olup bu hastalar Grup 1'i; 25(OH)D seviyeleri ≥15 olan 31 hasta ise Grup 2'yi oluşturdu. Ortalama tedavi süreleri sırası ile Grup 1 ve Grup 2'de 6,83/hafta ve 3,80/hafta idi (p: 0,010). Grup 1'deki 18 hastanın 8'ine izlem sırasında ventilasyon tüpü tatbiki uygulandı ((%44,4), buna karşın Grup 2'deki 31 hastanın 4'üne (%12,9) takipleri sırasında ventilasyon tüpü tatbik...

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Complementary and Alternative Medicine Treatment Options for Otitis Media

Cited by 44 publications

References 56 publications

Otitis media

Otitis media

Inflammation, infection, and allergy of upper airways: new insights from national and real-world studies

The Role of Vitamin D in Patients with Otitis Media with Effusion

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